Borel, Petrus. 1809-59. French Romantic poet, writer.

Borgia, Cesare. 1476-1507. Ruthless Italian Machiavellian statesman. Son of Pope Alexander VI.

Borlaug, Norman. 1914-. US wheat scientist responsible for Green Revolution.

Born, Max. 1882-1970. German/British quantum physicist. Mathematics of atom behavior.

Bosnia and Herzegovina. Balkans. 1180 Independent Kingdom. 1350 +Hum (Herzegovina). 1463 Ottoman. 1878 Austria-Hungary. 1797 France. 1805 Russia. 1918 Yugoslavia. 1946 Communist. 1992 Independent. 1993 Yugoslav Serbs invade. 1995 Dayton Accord.

Bosnian Rebellion. 1875 vs Ottomans led to Serbo-Turkish War.

Bourgeois, Léon. 1851-1925. French statesman. League of Nations.

Boveri, Theodor. 1864-1915. German cytologist. Chromosomes, 1904.

Bowie, James. 1796-1836. US frontiersman. Bowie knife.

Boyne, Battle. 1690. James II attempts to retake throne; defeated by William III, ending Catholic Stuart power in Ireland. Celebrated by Orangemen, Jul 12.

Brahman. Supreme being in Upanishads.

Brahmanas. 900-700BC Vedic texts for sacrifices.

Brahmanism. 700-500BC. Philosophical period of Hinduism. Upanishads. Vedism.

Brahmavihara. Brahman heaven, attained by sympathy, compassion, joy, equanimity.

Brahms, Johannes. 1833-97. German composer. “Romantic spirit controlled by a classical intellect”. Requiem 1868.

Bramante, Donato. 1444-1514. Italian architect. St. Peter’s 1506.

Brancusi, Constantin. 1876-1957. Romanian abstract sculptor. Bird in Space 1919.

Brandt, Willy. 1913-92. Pragmatic Social Democrat Chancellor of West Germany 1969-74.

Brant, Sebastian. 1458-1521. German medieval satirical poet. Ship of Fools 1494.

Braque, Georges. 1882-1963. French painter. Developed Cubism with Picasso. First living artist in Louvre. Man with Guitar 1911.

Braun, Werner von. 1912-77. German/US rocket engineer. V-2. Apollo. Explorer.

Brecht, Bertolt. 1898-1956. German experimental dramatist: Threepenny Opera 1928. Mother Courage.

Brest-Litovsk, Treaty. 1918. Russia exits WWI leaving 1/3 population in German hands.

Brethren, Church. 1708. German/US Pacifist Christian church.

Breton, André. 1896-1966. French poet. Surrealist Manifesto 1924.

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