Penfield, Wilder. 1891-1976. Canadian brain surgeon: Cerebral Cortex of Man.

Penry, John. 1559-93. Welsh Puritan executed for Marprelate Tracts.

Pentecost. 50th day after Easter. Descent of Holy Spirit on Jesus’ disciples marks beginning of Christian mission.

People’s Republic. Communist government by a people’s party. Democratic mandate from popular revolution. Often Totalitarian.

Pepin the Short. c714-68. First Carolingian king of France 751-. Charlemagne’s father. Donation of Pepin.

Percy, Thomas. 1528-72. Failed attempt 1569 to rescue Mary Stuart, replace Elizabeth.

Perdiccas. c365-321BC. Regent of Macedonian Empire 323BC-.

Pérez Jimenez, Marcos. 1914- Ruthless Venezuelan president. 1952-8. Coup 1948. Convicted of corruption.

Perpendicular. c1350-1500. English Gothic architecture. Square and heavy materialistic design.

Perry, Matthew. 1794-1858. US Commodore. Opened Japanese trade 1854.

Perseus. Slew Medusa with gods’ weapons. Married Andromeda.

Perseus. c212-166BC. Last Macedonian king 179-168BC. Defeated at Pydna by Rome.

Pershing, John. 1860-1948. US general; commanded French front 1918. WWI.

Persius. 34-62. Roman satirical poet. Stoic.

Peruzzi, Baldassarre. 1481-1536. Italian architect, painter. Palazzo Massimo 1535. Villa Farnesina 1509-21.

Pestalozzi, Johann. 1746-1827. Swiss educator. Modern primary education system. Paced development from familiar to new. Lienhard and Gertrude 1781-9. How Gertrude Teaches 1801.

Pétain, Philippe. 1856-1951. Defender at Verdun, 1916. Armistice 1940. Vichy Prime Minister 1940-42. German puppet 1942-4. Life sentence for collaboration after liberation.

Peterloo Massacre. 1819. Peaceful Manchester demonstration for parliamentary reform suppressed by cavalry. 500 casualties. Ultra tories limit freedom of press, assembly.

Petit Pont. 1852. Bridge across Seine at site of original Roman crossing.

Petrarch. 1304-74. Italian humanist author, lyric poet, philosopher. To Laura 1366. Dialogue with St. Augustine.

Petronius, Caius. -66 Roman satirist in Nero’s court. Satyricon.

Pfitzner, Hans. 1869-1949. German Post-romantic opera composer. Palestrina 1917.

Phalangists. 1936-2000 Militant Maronites vs Moslems in Lebanese Civil War.

Phalanx. 7C BC. Greek infantry formation in 8 rows.

Phenomenalism. Matter is defined by sense experience.

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