Luynes, Duke of. 1578-1621. French. Adviser to Louis XIII.

Lyautey, Louis. 1854-1934. French General. Established French protectorate over Morocco.

Maintenon, Françoise de. 1635-1719. Mistress, then secret wife of Louis XIV. Founded St-Cyr.

March Revolution. 1848 Germany. Led to Louis I abdication in favour of Maximilian II in Bavaria, Metternich resignation.

Marie de Medici. 1573-1642. Queen consort to Henry IV, mother of Louis XIII. Regent 1610-14. Built Luxembourg Palace. Opposed Richelieu. Banished 1630. Died penniless.

Marie Louise. 1791-1847. Daughter of Francis II. Married Napoleon...Empress of France 1810-15.

Marie Thérèse. 1638-83. Queen Consort to Louis XIV. Daughter of Philip IV. Unpaid dowry caused War of Devolution.

Marlborough, John Churchill, Duke of. 1650-1722. English general vs Louis XIV in War of Spanish Succession. Blenheim. Malplaquet. Ramillies.

Mary Tudor. 1496-1533. Daughter of Henry VII, married Louis XII of France.

Mazarin, Jules. 1602-61. French Cardinal, politician. Power during Louis XIV rule, regent 1643-61. Ended 30 Years war. Defeated the Fronde 1653. Supported strong monarchy.

Mersen, Treaty. 870. Divided Lotharingia. Charles II and Louis the German establish French/German frontier.

Métis. Mixed European/native race in Canada, N US. Riel.

Mississippi Scheme. 1717-20. Law’s attempt to develop Louisiana. Speculation led to financial disaster.

Mohács, Battle. 1526. Suleiman I defeats Louis II. Turkey dominates Hungary to 17C.

Montcalm, Louis. 1712-59. French general killed defending Quebec against the English. Seven Years War.

Montespan, Mme de. 1641-1707. Mistress of Louis XIV, 1667-80. Poisons Affair.

Montez, Lola. 1818-61. Irish dancer. Mistress of Louis I of Bavaria. Power resented, leading to March Revolution 1848. Banished.

Montpensier, Louise, Duchesse de. 1627-93. French princess. Led rebels in Fronde 1652.

Mountbatten, Louis, First earl. 1900-79. British admiral and statesman. Allied commander SE Asia. Last Viceroy of India. Killed by IRA terrorists.

Nantes, Edict. 1598. Tolerance of Protestant faith by Henry IV. Revoked by Louis XIV, 1685 driving Huguenots from France.

Napoleon II. 1811-32. ’King’ of Rome 1811-14. Son of Napoleon and Marie Louise.

Neoclassical. 17-18C. French-originated revival of classical order of arts, architecture. Order, balance, simplicity. Poussin. David. Molière. Adam. 1920-. Music based on 18C style + popular taste. Milhaud. Stravinsky. Les Six.

New Hebrides. Melanesians, Polynesians. 1606 de Quiros discovers. 1768 Bougainville rediscovers. 1774 Cook charts. 1887 Joint French/English admin. 1980 -Vanuatu.

Niagara Falls. Discovered 1678 by French priest Louis Hennepin.

Northwest Rebellion. 1885. Saskachewan natives and Métis for land rights. Defeated. Riél.

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