Camus, Albert. 1913-60. Existentialist absurd French writer: l’Étranger, Caligula.

Cardigan, James Brudenell, Earl of. 1797-1868. British General. Led Charge of the Light Brigade. Tennyson. Crimean War.

Carlsbad Decrees. 1819. Censorship and repressive measures against liberal Burschenschaften.

Caruso, Enrico. 1873-1921. Dramatic Italian tenor.

Chamberlain, Austen. 1863-1937. British Statesman. Locarno Pact.

Charlie, Bonnie Prince. 1720-88. Scottish Stuart pretender to the English throne. Unsuccessful revolt 1745. Exiled.

China. T’ang(leg). Yü (leg). c1994BC Hsia. c1500 Shang. c1027 Chou. 481 Warring States. 221 Ch’in. 202BC Han. 220 AD Three Kingdoms. 265 Chin. 386 Northern Dyn(N)/420 Southern Dyn(S). 581 Sui rebuild. 618 T’ang. 10C Five dyn/Ten kingdoms. 960 Sung. 1279 Yüan (Mongol). 1368 Ming. 1644 Ch’ing (Manchu). 1912 Republic. 1938-44 Japanese occupation. 1949 People’s Republic.

Clearance of Scottish Highlands. 1790-1850. Increased sheep farming displaces tenant crofters.

Code of Hammurabi. 18C BC. Written legal code.

Cold War. 1946-90. Alternating crisis and detente between west and east, begun with Russia breaking Potsdam Agreement and creating communist regimes in East Germany and Czechoslovakia.

Conceptualism. Reality has no objective existence; it is a concept in the mind. Abelard.

Cordiale, Entente. = Anglo-French Entente Cordiale.

Coster, Laurens. 1370-c1440. Dutch inv of moveable type, perhaps before Gutenberg.

Council of Ten. c1310-1797. Powerful Venetian tribunal. Investigated aristocratic plots vs government.

Crofter. Scottish tenant farmer with right of common pasture.

Cunaxa, Battle. 401BC. Failed revolt vs Artaxerxes II. Retreat of the Ten Thousand.

Czechoslovakia. 1918 Formed in breakup of Austro-Hungarian Empire. 1920 Little Entente. 1938 -Sudetenland. 1939-45 German occupation. 1949 People’s Democratic Republic. 1968 Prague Spring. 1991 Republic. 1993 Split into Czech Republic and Slovakia.

Czechoslovakia Intervention. 1968. Russian troops end Dubcek reform policies. Warsaw Pact maintains right to intervene anywhere Socialism is threatened.

Dalai Lama. 14C- Leader of Tibetan Buddhists. Ruled Tibet until 1959 exile to India. Lamaism. Yellow Hats. Tenzin Gyatso.

Dali, Salvador. 1904-89. Spanish Surrealist painter of nightmare visions. Persistence of Memory. Crucifixion.

Danilo I-II. 1677-1835, 1826-60. Montenegrin Prince-Bishops.

Darius III. Last Persian King, 335-330BC. Beaten by Alexander the Great.

De Mille, Cecil B. 1881-1959. US. First US Feature film. Squaw Man 1913. Ten Commandments 1923, 1956. Epics.

Decalogue. Ten Commandments.

Deism. Theory that God’s existence can be proven by reason, not just known by revelation (Theism). Rousseau. Voltaire. Jefferson.

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