Bennett, Arnold. 1867-1931. English Staffordshire novelist. Meticulously detailed Naturalist. Clayhanger Series 1910.

Biruni, al-. 973-1048. Arab scholar. Chronology of Ancient Nations.

Bordet, Jules. 1870-1961. Belgian bacteriologist, immunologist.

Enola Gay. US plane which dropped H-bomb on Hiroshima, 1945.

Gall, Franz. 1758-1828. Phrenology founder 1770.

Hegel, G.W.F. 1770-1831. German Idealist philosopher: Dialectical Reasoning: thesis vs antithesis = synthesis. Dialectical Materialism. “Universe is evolving from first cause toward self awareness and freedom. In man, God becomes aware of Himself”. Phenomenology 1806. Encyclopedia of Philosophy 1817. Philosophy of History 1830.

Husserl, Edmund. 1859-1938. German philosopher. Phenomenology.

Industrial Revolution. 1730-. Transformation from agricultural to urbanized manufacturing economy as a result of steam power. 1830 England, France. 1850 Germany. 1860 USA. Blanqui. Toynbee.

Lateran Councils. Roman Catholic church councils. 1123,39 vs Schism of Arnold of Brescia. 1179 Crusade vs Albigens. 1215 Crusade. 1512-17 Reform.

Lévi-Strauss, Claude. 1908-. Belgian/French ethnologist. Theory of Symbolic Structures: Mythologiques 1964-8.

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 1908-61. French philosopher blending existentialism, Marxism, phenomenology.

Messiaen, Olivier. 1908-92. Revolutionary French composer. Experimented with Indian music, bird song, complex rhythms, unusual instruments.

Nolde, Emil. 1867-1956. German Expressionist painter.

Osceola. c1804-38. Seminole leader. Arrested at truce talks.

Phenomenology. Philosophy. Analysis of phenomena without preconceptions by conscious mind. Husserl.

Post-Romantic. Music style of late 19C, early 20C. Exaggerated Romanticism. Mahler. Schoenberg.

Reynolds, Joshua. 1723-92. English expressive portrait painter: Mrs. Siddons. Miss Nelly 1760. Founder, Royal Academy 1768.

Runge, Friedlieb. 1795-1867. German. Phenol from coal 1833. Carbolic acid 1834. Paper chromatography.

Scaliger, Joseph. 1540-1609. Classical scholar. Founded science of chronology.

Schoenberg, Arnold. 1874-1951. Austrian/US pioneer of atonal twelve-note method-key to recent musical advances. Five Piano Pieces 1923.

Seminole Wars. 1817-18, 1835-42. Seminole Indians forced out of Florida.

Technocracy. 1931- US movement advocating reorganization of society on technological principles.

Toynbee, Arnold. 1852-83. English economist, social reformer on behalf of the working class. The Industrial Revolution 1884.

Toynbee, Arnold J. 1889-75. English historian on the cyclicality of civilizations. Study of History 1934-61.

Winkelried, Arnold von. -1386. Swiss hero of Sempach. Sacrificed himself to create a breach in the cavalry of Duke Leopold.