Conservative Party. Britain. 1832. Successor to Tory Party.

Country Party. 1913-. Australian pro-agriculture party. Small but influential in coalition governments.

Croker, JW. 1833. Coined ’Conservative’ for Tory.

Democratic Party. 1792-. Major US political party. Liberalism, populism vs big business.

Duplessis, Maurice. 1890-1959. Canadian founder Union Nationale party. Quebec Prime Minister 1936~59.

Eisner, Kurt. 1867-1919. German Socialist Revolutionary leader. First Bavarian Prime Minister.

Falange. 1933-37. Spanish Fascist party founded by Primo de Rivera. Merged with Franco 1937. Won civil war.

Federalist Party. 1787-1825. US first party founded by A. Hamilton for strong central government. In power 1791-1801.

Fellow Travellers. 1917. Russian writers not actively supporting the revolution. Communist sympathizers who are not party members.

Fianna Fáil. 1926-. Irish political party vs 1921 treaty. De Valera.

Fillmore, Millard. 1800-74. US President 1850-3. Delayed Civil War. Know Nothing Party 1856.

Free-Soil Party. 1848-54. US anti-slavery party. Van Buren.

Frémont, John. 1813-90. US pioneer, Governor of CA, First senator 1856. First Republican Presidential candidate.

Fuchs, Klaus. 1911-88. German/British nuclear physicist. Communist spy 1943-50.

Gladstone, William. 1809-98. English Liberal reform Prime Minister 1868~94. Secret ballot. Public Education. Irish land reforms.

Hamilton, Alexander. 1755-1804. US Federalist statesman. First Secretary of Treasury. Killed in duel by Burr.

Heath, Edward. 1916-. British Conservative Prime Minister 1970-4. Common Market.

Hu Yaobang. 1915-89. Liberal Chinese Communist Party chairman. Death led to Tiananmen demonstrations.

Hundred Flowers Movement. China. 1956-7. Increased freedom of intellectuals. Criticism of Party led to backlash.

Indian National Congress. 1885-. Congress Party.

Intolerable Acts. 1774. British response to Boston Tea Party, Gaspee burning. Closed Boston Harbor. Established military government. Midwest under Quebec rule...Continental Congress.

Iron Guard. 1924-41. Romanian anti-semite fascist party.

Irredentists. 1878. Italian political party with object of incorporating neighbouring regions.

Jeffersonian Republicans. 1790-. US First opposition party. Advocated limited government vs Federalists.

Kadet. 1905-17. Russian moderate party in Duma.

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