Bermuda. 1511 Spain discovers. 1609 Shipwrecked British settle, inpiring Tempest. 1617-1834 Slavery. 1968 Autonomous British Colony. 1995 Referendum rejects independence.

Bernard, Claude. 1813-78. French physiologist and logician. Influenced Pavlov. Intro. to Experimental Medicine 1865.

Bernard, St. 1090-1153. Founder of Clairvaux 1115, Second Crusade instigator.

Bernard of Chartres. -c1130. French Neoplatonic Idealist philosopher. Real world of eternal ideas vs apparent world of material objects.

Bernhardt, Sarah. 1844-1923. French dramatic actress. Roles in Phèdre, La Tosca.

Berthollet, Claude. 1749-1822. French chemist. Chlorine Bleach 1785. Ammonia 1785.

Bérulle, Cardinal Pierre. 1575-1629. Founder of Oratory. ‘French’ school of spiritual thought. Congregation of priests...Lazarites. Congregationalists.

Bessarabia. Disputed Black Sea region between Romania and Russia. 14C Moldavia. 15/16C Ottoman. 1812 Russia. 1918 Romania. 1940 MSSR. 1941 Romania. 1944 USSR. 1991 Moldova.

Betti, Ugo. 1892-1953. Italian dramatist. La Padrona 1927.

Bevin, Ernest. 1881-1951. British labour leader, statesman. TUC. Initiated Colombo Plan.

Bhutan. Himalayan kingdom. 9C Tibet invaders settle. c1630 Independent. 17,18C Tibet invades. 1865 Part British 1907 Monarchy. 1910 British Protectorate. 1949 Indian Protectorate.

Bible. Hebrew and Christian sacred scriptures translated from Hebrew and Aramaic. 3C BC Greek translation. 1382 Wycliffe, Rogers, English. 1522-34 Luther, German. 1611 King James version. Vulgate by St. Jerome. Apocrypha.

Biedermeier. 1815-35. German bourgeois kitsch style of sentimental art and utilitarian furniture. Circular pedestal table.

Billy the Kid. 1859-81. US frontier outlaw.

Birch, Samuel. 1869-1955. English Cornish landscape painter.

Birdseye, Clarence. 1886-1956. US inventor of frozen foods. Founded General Foods, 1924. 300+ patents.

Biruni, al-. 973-1048. Arab scholar. Chronology of Ancient Nations.

Bjorko Treaty. 1905. Unimplemented military alliance between German Wilhelm II and Russian Nicholas II.

Bjørnson, Bjørnstjerne. 1832-1910. Norwegian poet, novelist: Kongen 1877, National anthem.

Bjørnsson, Sveinn. 1881-1952. First President of Iceland Republic, 1944-.

Black, Joseph. 1728-99. French/Scottish chemist. Latent heat 1757. CO2.

Black and Tans. 1920-22. Brutal British police sent to suppress Irish unrest. Irish Free State.

Black Army. 1463-1500. Powerful Hungarian mercenary force.

Black Code. 1685. Louis XIV edict on treatment of slaves in French colonies.

Black Codes. 1865-6. Strict US local laws to control blacks based on slave codes. Freedmen. Jim Crow.

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