Og. Giant biblical king of Bashan.

Olaf I. c963-1000. King of Norway 995-. Began conversion to Christianity.

Olaf V. 1903-91 King of Norway 1957-. Commanded army vs Germany in 1944, then fled to England.

Old Kingdom. c2780-2160BC. Pyramid Age of Egypt.

Omri. -c872BC. King of Israel c884-. Established capital at Samaria.

Opium Wars. 1839-42 Hong Kong ceded to Britain. 1856-60. French, British force China to open trade, legalize opium. Demonstrated European weapon superiority. Nanking Treaty.

Ordeal, Trial by. -1219. English common form of trial. eg: fire, battle, dunking.

Orléans, Louis Philippe, duc d’. 1747-93. Became Citizen Égalité 1892. Joined Third Estate. Father of King Louis-Philippe.

Oscar I. 1799-1859. King of Norway and Sweden 1844-. Liberal reforms.

Ostrogoths. Germanic peoples. 3C Ukraine kingdom. 406 kingdom in Italy. 370 conquered by Huns. 493 conquered Italy. 555 dispersed by Justinian. Goths.

Oswald. St. -641. King 633-, reunited Northumbria.

Oswy. -670. King of Bernicia 641-, Northumbria 655-. United most of S. England.

Otakar II. -1278. King of Bohemia 1252-. Killed at Dürnkrut opposing HRE Rudolf I.

Otto I. 1815-67. German king of Greece 1832-62. Selected by London Conference. Deposed. Wittelsbach.

Otto I. The Great. 912-73. King of Germany, 936-. Founded Holy Roman Empire, 962. Deposed Pope John XII.

Paleologus. Byzantine dynasty 1259-1453. Ousted crusader kings. Defeated by Turks.

Palestine. Holy land of Jews, Christians, Moslems. 2100BC Amorites invade. 18C BC Hyksos. 16C Hebrews settle. 1500 Egypt. 142 Maccabees. 63BC Rome...5C Byzantine. 614 Persia. 640 Moslem. 1099 Latin Kingdom. 1187 Saladin. 1291 Mameluk. 16C Ottoman. 1917 Britain. 1920 British under League of Nations mandate. 1947 Partition, Independent Israel.

Parks, Rosa. 1913-. US ‘mother’ of Civil Rights Movement. Arrested, 1955, for not relinquishing her seat to a white man. King.

Parthenon. 447-431BC. Marble Doric temple of Athena built by Phidias and Ictinus under Pericles on Athens Acropolis. Damaged by Venetians attacking Turks 1687.

Paul I. 1901-64. Greek king 1947-. Resisted Communism.

Peasants’ Revolt. 1381. Led by Wat Tyler vs poll tax. Tyler killed by London mayor in king’s presence. Richard II makes concessions but doesn’t follow through.

Pedro II. 1648-1706. King of Portugal 1683-. Treaty of Lisbon.

Pedro V. 1837-61. Portugal. King 1853-. Ended slavery in territories 1858.

Peking, Treaty. 1860. China cedes coastal land to Russia.

Peking Man. 350,000BC. Homo Erectus fossil discovered 1927.

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