William I. (Wilhelm) 1797-1888. Hohenzollern King of Prussia 1861-. German Empire. 1871-. Supportedf Bismarck vs Austria and France.

William II. Rufus. 1056-1100. King of England 1087-. Brutal. Subjugated Scotland, Wales.

William III. 1650-1702. Prince of Orange 1672-. King of England with Mary II 1689-. Ended War of Grand Alliance 1697. Defeated James II at Battle of Boyne, reconquered Ireland 1690. Declared freedom of worship.

William IV. 1765-1837. King of Great Britain and Ireland, 1830-. “Sailor King”. Reform Bill 1832.

Witan. Anglo-Saxon king’s council.

Wladislaus II. c1456-1576. King of Bohemia 1471-, Hungary 1490-. Treaty later gave both to Hapsburgs 1526.

Xerxes I. 519-465BC. King of Persia, invaded Attica. Victor at Thermopylae. Salamis defeat preserved Greek independence. Crossed Hellespont 480BC.

Yemen. ~10CBC Minaean, Saba’, Qataban, Himyarite Kingdoms. 1C Jews settle. 4C Christians settle. 525 Abyssinia. 575 Persia. 7C Moslem. 9C ’Alid Zaydi dynasty. 1173 Ayyubid. c1229 Rasulid. 1517 Ottoman. 1962 Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen). 1990 Merged with c100BC Himyarite. 1229 Rasulis. 1635 Zaydi. 1735 Divided South: 1802 British protection. 1839 British East India Company. 1937 Aden British Protectorate. 1963 Federation of South Arabia. 1967 People’s Republic of Yemen. 1735 North: 1872 Ottoman. 1920 Tribal. 1962 Yemen Arab Republic 1990 merged=Yemen.

Yugoslavia. Balkans. 1918 Kingdom of Serbs, Croats, Slovenes. 1929 =Yugoslavia. 1929-31 Dictatorship. 1941-45 Italy, Germany occupy. 1945 Socialist Federation of Republics. 1948 Broke Soviet ties. 1991 -Croatia, Slovenia, Civil war. Serbia. Croatia. Bosnia-Hercegovina. Slovenia. Macedonia. Montenegro. Tito. Kosovo.

Zadar. Dalmatia. 9C BC Liburnian colony. 1C BC Rome...Byzantine. 1409 Venice. 1797 Austria. 1808 France, «Illyrian Kingdom. 1813 Austria. 1918 Italy. 1944 Yugoslavia.

Zedekiah. King of Judah 597-586BC. Defeated by Nebuchadnezzar.

Zeus. Greek king of gods. = Jupiter.

Zog I. 1895-1961. King of Albania 1928-39. Dependent on Mussolini. Deposed after Italy invaded.

Airy, George Biddell. 1801-92. English astronomer: Greenwich Observatory.

Bancroft, George. 1800-91. “Father of American history”. History of United States 1834-74.

Barbary Piracy. 1518-1830. G. Washington pays $1M to free enslaved seamen 1796. US attacks Tripoli 1815. French sieze Algiers, 1830.

Bateau-Lavoir. 1900. Paris birthplace of cubism (Picasso, Braque) and modern poetry (Jacob, Apollinaire, Orlan). Desmoiselles d’Avignon.

Beadle, George. 1903-89. US geneticist. Role of genes in heredity.

Behistun Inscription. 520BC. Trilingual carving used by Grotefend to decipher cuneiform.

Berkeley, George. 1685-1753. Irish immaterialist philosopher: reality exists only in the eye of God; for man, only when perceived. Principles of Knowledge 1710.

Bernanos, Georges. 1888-1948. French Catholic polemic writer against materialism. Diary of a Country Priest 1937.

Bizet, Georges. 1838-75. French composer: Carmen 1875.

Boole, George. 1815-64. British mathematician. Algebra of Logic 1854.

Boulanger, Georges. 1837-91. French popular war minister. Conspired coup 1889. Banished.

Braque, Georges. 1882-1963. French painter. Developed Cubism with Picasso. First living artist in Louvre. Man with Guitar 1911.

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