Nash, John. 1752-1835. English architect: Regent St, London; Marble Arch; Brighton Pavillion; Buckingham Palace 1821-30.

National Republican Party. 1825-36. US Adams supporters. Merged into Whigs.

Naturalism. 19C Style of landscape painting which captures nature. Turner. Constable. Boudin.

Neumann, John von. 1903-57. Hungarian/US mathematician. Computer theory; serial process. Assisted H-bomb development. Minimax theorem 1928.Theory of Games 1944.

Newfoundland. Beothuk, Inuit. 10C Norse discover. 1497 Cabot rediscovers. 1583 Britain claims. 17-18C British, French dispute. 1713 British sovereignty recognized. 1855 Self-governing. 1934 Crown Colony. 1949 Canadian province.

Newman, John. 1801-90. English theologian, writer, founded Oxford Movement. Apologia pro Vita Sua 1868.

Nova Scotia. Micmac. 10C Norse discover? 1497 Cabot discovers. 1605 French settle = Acadia. 1614 English. 1667 French. 1689 English. 1697 French. 1710 English. 1848 First British colony with Responsible Government. 1867 Canada.

Noyes, John. 1811-86. Founded Utopian Oneida community.

Oldcastle, John. c1378-1417. English soldier. Lollard heretic leader. Model for Falstaff.

Oneida Community. 19C US Perfectionist religious commune founded by Noyes....Oneida silver co.

Orléans, Louis, duc d’. 1372-1407. Began Armagnac/Burgundy conflict. Assassinated by supporters of John the Fearless.

Osborne, John. 1929-94. ‘Angry’ English playwright. Entertainer 1951. Look Back in Anger 1956.

Oswald, Lee Harvey. 1939-1963. Kennedy assassin; killed by Ruby.

Otto I. The Great. 912-73. King of Germany, 936-. Founded Holy Roman Empire, 962. Deposed Pope John XII.

Oudenaarde, Battle. 1708. Churchill, Prince Eugène defeat French.

Pemberton, John. 1831-88. US pharmacist. Coca Cola 1886.

Penry, John. 1559-93. Welsh Puritan executed for Marprelate Tracts.

Perfectionism. 19C. Conversion means freedom from all sin. Noyes. Oneida.

Pershing, John. 1860-1948. US general; commanded French front 1918. WWI.

Pocahontas. c1595-1617. American Indian friend of colonists. Saved John Smith, married Rolfe.

Pole, John de la. c1464-91/2. Yorkist claimant to British throne. Killed in battle.

Positivism. Knowledge based on senses alone. Personal knowledge. Natural laws lead to social engineering to secure a happy society. Comte. Mill. Spencer. Logical Positivism.

Pottawatomie Massacre. 1856. John Brown’s abolitionists kill 5 pro-slavery settlers.

Powys, John. 1872-1963. English writer: Wolf Solent 1929.

Pragmatism. 19-20C. Philosophy emphasizing experiment and practical utility. Pierce. James. Dewey. Schiller.

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