Bronze Age. 3500-500BC. First uses of metal for arms and tools. Began in Near East. Society more structured. Specialization begins. Iron Age.

Brussels, Treaty. 1948. = Western Union. 50 year alliance of Britain, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands. 1954 + W Germany, Italy.

Buchenwald. 1937-45. Nazi concentration camp. Medical research, slave labour. 52,500 dead.

Buchmanism. 1922-65. Christian revivalist movement stressing honesty, purity, love, unselfishness. =Moral Rearmament 1938. Oxford Group.

Buck, Pearl S. 1892-1973. US novelist of Chinese life. Good Earth 1931.

Bull, John. 1562-1628. English early keyboard composer. Often credited with God Save the Queen.

Bunker Hill, Battle. 1775. Early American victory in Revolution. Putnam.

Burgundian. c1075-1125. Style of Romanesque architecture. Tall proportional.

Burgundians. French political faction. Fought Armagnacs during 100 Years War. Allied with England, 1420. Treaty of Arras 1435 with Charles VII.

Byzantine Architecture. 330-600. Ecclesiastic style. Domes. Vaults. Hagia Sophia 537.

Byzantine Art. 6C-1453. Miniature enamels, mosaics, frescoes.

Cabezan. 1510-66. Spanish. Early keyboard composer.

Caccini, Giulio. 1550-1618. Italian composer. Monodic music, early operas.

Caillaux, Joseph. 1863-1944. French pacifist politician. Early supporter of Income Tax.

Calypso. Nymph who entertained Ulysses, delaying his voyage for seven years.

Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament. CND. 1958- Founded by Russell. Aldermaston Marches. The peace symbol, overlaid semaphore ND, was designed for the CND.

Cardigan, James Brudenell, Earl of. 1797-1868. British General. Led Charge of the Light Brigade. Tennyson. Crimean War.

Carpeaux, Jean-Baptiste. 1827-75. Neo-Baroque Paris sculptor. La Danse 1869.

Carracci, Annibale. 1560-1609. It Baroque painter. Palazzo Farnese frescoes 1599-1601.

Castillon, Battle. 1453. Final English defeat in the Hundred Years War.

Cavaliere, Emilio del. c1550-1602. Added arias and choral movements to cantatas. Early dramatic music.

Caxton, William. c1422-91. Printed first English book 1473/4. First printer in England, 1476. Published Chaucer, Aesop. First woodcuts appear in Game and Playe of Chesse 1476. First poster 1477.

Chanak Crisis. 1922. British fear Turkish threat to Dardanelles. Lausanne Peace, 1923.

Charles, Jacques. French physicist, launched early hydrogen balloon 1783 with Robert. Gas Law V=kT 1798.

Chernobyl. 1986. Ukraine nuclear power plant disaster.

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