Stalin, Joseph. 1879-1953. Soviet bloodthirsty revolutionary. Leader 1924-. 5 Year Plans modernized Russia. 1928 Collectivization. 1932- Dictator. 1936-8 Purge. Turned Marxism to Nationalism and Imperialism. World Socialist Revolution under USSR. 1952 abolished Politburo.

Stone Age. Period before use of metal tools. Date varies by region: Near east -c3500BC Paleolithic. Neolithic.

Strafford, First earl. 1593-1641. English adviser to Charles I. Executed by Parliament.

Strasbourg Oath. 842. Charles II, Louis II oppose Lothair I. Earliest example of written French.

Stresa Conference. 1935. Britain-France-Italy “front” vs German rearmament.

Sudan. 4000BC = Nubia. c3000BC Egypt. 11-4C BC Cush Empire. c350 Aksum. 6C Christian. 15C Moslem. 1821 Egypt. 1898 Kitchener conquers...1899 Anglo/Egypt administration. 1956 Independent.

Sunderland, Earl of. 1674-1722. British Whig minister. South Sea National Debt scheme.

Talion. Law.Early Babylonia -18C. “Eye for an eye”.

Taxation. On Income 1193. On Cooking Oil: 1000BC Egypt. Foreigners: 400BC Greece. Imports 1CBC Rome. Property: 453BC Greece, 1642 England. Sales: 49BC Rome. 1973 UK VAT. Inheritance: 23BC Rome. Salt: 1286-1790 France. Hair Powder: 1795-1869 Hearths: 1663-89. Cards: 1615. Whiskey. Eisphora. Boadicea. Godiva. Danegeld. Domesday Book. Tithes.

Teach, Edward. =Blackbeard.

Telemann, Georg. 1681-1767. German Baroque composer of vitality, wit and color.

Ten Commandments. Decalogue. Laws God gave Moses on stone tablets. Fundamental to Judaism/Christianity/Islam. No other gods, idols, swearing. Remember the sabbath. Honor parents. Do not kill, commit adultery, steal, bear false witness, covet.

Ten Years’ War. 1868-78. Failed Cuban rebellion vs Spain. Virginius Affair.

Test Ban Treaty. Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.

Tewkesbury, Battle. 1471. Yorkists regain English throne for 12 years.

Thirty-nine Articles. 1571 Doctrine of Church of England.

Thirty Years’ Peace. 445-415BC Ended First Peloponnesian War.

Thirty Years War. 1618-48. Protestant revolt vs Holy Roman Empire involving most European states. Peace of Westphalia. Spain, HRE lose influence; Denmark finished as power; France dominant; Sweden controls Baltic. Religious toleration. Use of muskets, canons developed.

Thoth. Egyptian god of learning. Kept records of dead. Also messenger god = Hermes. Hermetic Texts.

Three Mile Island. 1979. US nuclear power station accident.

Tilly, Graf von. 1559-1632. Flemish commander of Catholic League in Thirty Years War.

Tojo Hideki. 1884-1948. Japanese general, Prime Minister 1941-4. Pearl Harbor. Hung for war crimes.

Tour d’Argent. Paris restaurant where Henry IV learned the use of the fork.

Tours, Truce. 1444-49. Break in Hundred Years War.

Toynbee, Arnold. 1852-83. English economist, social reformer on behalf of the working class. The Industrial Revolution 1884.

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