St-Denis Basilica. 1137-44. Romanesque-Gothic transformation point. Burial place of French kings. Suger.

St John, Henry. 1678-1751. British statesman, writer.

St Peter’s. 1506-1615. Vatican Basilica. World’s largest. Tomb of St Peter. Bramante. Michelangelo. Raphael. Model for many government buildings.

Staël, Germaine de. 1766-1817. French woman of letters. Opposed Napoleon. Exiled. Corinne 1807. Germany 1810.

Stahl, Georg. 1660-1734. German chemist. Animalism-soul controls bodily functions. Theory of Combustion 1702.

Stalingrad, Battle. 1942-3. Russian victory over Germans. Turning point of WWII.

Stanton, Elizabeth Cady. 1815-1902. US suffrage leader. First woman’s rights convention 1848. Mott.

Starhemberg, Ernst von. 1638-1701. Austrian Field Marshal. Defended Vienna vs Turks 1683.

Stasi.1949-1990. East German secret police affiliated with KGB.

Steel, Pact of. 1939-43. Germany-Italy mutual aid. Axis.

Stein, Karl, Freiherr von. 1757-1831. Reforming Prussian statesman helped abolish serfdom.

Steiner, Jakob. 1796-1863. Swiss/German mathematician. Pioneered synthetic geometry.

Steinway, Henry. 1797-1871. German/US innovative piano manufacturer.

Stern, Otto. 1888-1969. German/US physicist, anticipated atomic science.

Stilicho , Flavius. c365-408. Roman general. Repulsed Goths, Vandals.

Stockhausen, Karlheinz. 1928-. German electronic music composer.

Stoicism. 4C BC. Ideal life of restraint, duty, ignoring passions, desires. Mind is a finer subdivision of matter. There are universal natural laws. Founded by Zeno.

Storm, Theodor. 1817-88. German Realist writer. Rider of the White Horse 1838. Pole Poppenspäler 1874.

Strasser, Gregor. 1892-1934. German Nazi leader, Hitler rival. Assassinated.

Strathcona and Mount Royal, First Baron. 1820-1914. Canadian statesman key to Canadian Pacific Railway; drove last spike.

Strauss, David. 1808-74. German theologian: Gospel interpreted as myth. Life of Jesus 1835-6.

Strauss, Richard. 1864-1949. Traditional German composer of symphonic poems, operas. Don Juan 1889. Salome 1905. Also Sprach Zarathustra 1909.

Streicher, Julius. 1885-1946. German Nazi leader. Executed.

Stresa Conference. 1935. Britain-France-Italy “front” vs German rearmament.

Stresemann, Gustav. 1878-1929. German statesman. Gained entry to League of Nations.

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