Anti-Corn Law League. 1839-46. Cobden and Bright’s pacifist movement for Free Trade, public education, against social reform and Chartists. Corn Laws.

Aristotle. 384-322BC. Greek philosopher, founder of Peripatetics: Unified theory of knowledge. Matter, potentially alive, strives to attain its living form. Stressed observation and logic. Deductive Reasoning. Free Will.

Arminianism. 17C-. Christian movement. Free-will is compatible with God’s sovereignty.

Arms, Assize of. 1181. Forced Brit. free men to acquire arms.

Barabbas. Thief freed by crowd instead of Jesus.

Barbary Piracy. 1518-1830. G. Washington pays $1M to free enslaved seamen 1796. US attacks Tripoli 1815. French sieze Algiers, 1830.

Beaverbrook, Lord. (Maxwell Aitken). 1879-1964. Canadian/British newspaper magnate, politician. Advocated free trade within Commonwealth.

Bennett, Richard B. 1870-1947. Canadian Conservative Prime Minister 1930-5. Advocated Empire Free Trade. Imperial Conference 1932.

Berlin Wall. 1961-89. Soviet troops erect. US guarantees West Berlin’s freedom.

Black Codes. 1865-6. Strict US local laws to control blacks based on slave codes. Freedmen. Jim Crow.

Bright, John. 1811-89. English Quaker MP: Free Trade Movement. Cobden. Anti-Corn Law.

Capitalism. System of private ownership of property and industry for profit. Free enterprise. Smith.

Cobden, Treaty. 1860. Free trade between Britain and France.

Commonwealth, British. 1926-. Free association of autonomous countries. Evolved from the British Empire. Statute of Westminster 1931.

Corn Laws. 1804-15. British agricultural price support. Repeal, 1846, marks transformation from agricultural to industrial priorities and free trade.

Cuza, Alexandru. 1820-73. First Prince of Romania, 1859-66. Freed serfs. Educational reform.

Cyrus. -529BC. Founded Persian Empire 550-. Defeated Babylonia 539BC. Freed Jews.

DeGaulle, Charles. 1890-1970. Led Free French during WWII. Provisional President 1944-6. President 58-69. Fifth Republic.

Delhi Pact. 1931. Civil disobedience in India ceased in exchange for prisoner release. 1950. India, Pakistan restore rights, freedom of movement for refugees.

Demetrius II. Syrian King 145~125BC. Freed Jews from Syrian taxes.

Determinism. All events pre-determined. No free will. Hobbes.

Diogenes (The Cynic). c413-327BC. Greek philosopher. Cynic. Looked for an honest man. Declined gifts of Alexander the Great. Lived in a tub. Sought virtue and moral freedom.

Disruption. 1843. Free Church secedes from Church of Scotland.

Donatello. 1386-1466. Florentine sculptor. Gattamelata 1445- first Renaissance equestrian statue. David- 1st Renaissance free-standing nude. St. George 1416.

Doria, Andrea. 1466-1560. Genoese admiral, statesman. Freed, ruled Genoa.

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