Aryabhata. 476-550. Hindu astronomer. Explained eclipses, earth’s rotation.

Aryans. 2000BC. Nomads from Steppes spread to India. Founded Indus Civilization, 3240-2750BC. Hyksos Empire in Syria, 1720-1550BC. Introduced horse chariots. Basis for all Indo-European languages.

Ascension. Jesus’ rise to heaven 40 days after Resurrection.

Aske, Robert. -1537. Led Pilgrimage of Grace against Henrician Reformation.

Asoka. 269-232BC. Indian Maurya Emperor. Buddhist convert, missionary.

Asquith, Herbert. 1852-1928. Liberal Prime Minister of England, 1908-16: Pensions and unemployment insurance. Parliament Act.

Assad, Hafiz al-. 1928-2000. Syrian President 1971-. Supports Qadaffi, PLO. Anti-Israel.

Assignats. French legal tender, 1789-96. Overissue caused inflation. Became worth 1% of face value.

Athanagild. ~567. Visigoth King of Spain. Ended persecution of Catholics.

Atlantic Charter. 1941. British-US declaration of 8 principles of peace and security. Endorsed by >25 nations.

Attica. Region around Athens in ancient Greece.

Attlee, Clement. 1883-1967. British Labour Prime Minister. 1945-51. National Health. Nationalization.

Augsburg Confession. 1530. Doctrine of faith of Lutheran Church. Consubstantiation. Predestination. Diet of Augsburg. Melanchthon.

Augustine, St. 354-430. Author of Confessions, City of God. Bishop of Hippo. “God is omnipotent.” Introduced Neoplatonic Determinism to Christianity. Church should rule state.

Augustus III. 1696-1763. King of Poland 1734- after War of Polish Succession.

Auschwitz. 1940-45. German death camp in Poland. 1-4 million killed. Final Solution.

Austin, Herbert. 1886-1941. English car manufacturer. Small car pioneer.

Australia. c28,000BC Australoids. 1606 Sighted by Portuguese. 1668 Dampier lands. 1770 Cook claims for England. 1788-1868 Penal colonies. 1901 Independent commonwealth.

Australopithecus. Hominid ancestor to man, discovered in Africa. Lived 1 to 5 million years ago.

Austrian State Treaty, 1955. Ended Allied occupation of Austria.

Austrian Succession, War. 1740-48. Jenkins Ear and King George’s Wars. Maria Theresa recognized. Francis I becomes Holy Roman Emperor. Prussian power shown. Aix-la-Chapelle Treaty. Silesian War.

Austro-Prussian War. 1866. Austria excluded from German Confederation. Austrian influence in Italy ended. Dual Monarchy.

Auto-da-fé. (Act of Faith). 1481-1850. Sentencing ceremony of Inquisition.

Aventine Secession. 1924. 150 Italian government members protest Fascist government. Matteotti.

Averroës, Ibn Rushd. 1126-98. Arab philosopher: eternity of creation, universal shared consciousness.

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