Baptism. Purification by water as practised by a wide variety of religions.

Baptists. 1608-. Congregationalist Christian church. Baptism for believers only, (not infants).

Bar, Confederation of. 1768-72. Polish RC nobles vs Russian hegemony.

Barbarossa, Operation. 1941. German invasion of USSR.

Barbizon. 19C French objective style of painting landscapes from nature; influenced Impressionists. Millet, Diaz.

Barbuda. 1628 British Colony. 1680 Cordington family possession. 19C British Crown Colony. 1981 Independent Antigua and Barbuda.

Barnabas, St. -61. Cyprus Christian. Founded church at Antioch.

Barnum, P.T. 1810-91. US circus impressario.

Baroja y Nessi, Pio. 1872-1956. Basque novelist. Terse style influenced Hemingway. Somber Lives 1900. Generation of ’98.

Barons War. 1264-7. England. Led by Montfort vs Henry III’s spending. Evesham. Oxford Provisions. Ended by Marlborough Statute.

Baroque Art. 1600-1750. Orig in Italy, spread across W. Europe. Architecture: Ornate style characterized by stucco, frescoes, rood screens. Vanbrugh. Bernini’s Barberini Palace. Music: Counterpoint vs Renaissance polyphony. Opera, cantata. Bach. Monteverdi. Vivaldi. Painting: Dynamic, emotional. Caravaggio. Reni. Rubens.Van Dyck. Rococo.

Barras, Paul. 1755-1829. French Directory founder. Led Army of Interior.

Barrier Treaties. 1709-15. Britain, HRE aid United Provinces vs Spain, France. Spanish Succession.

Bartlett, John. 1820-1905. US compiler of Familiar Quotations 1855.

Bartók, Bela. 1881-1945. Modern Hungarian Nationalist composer. Bridged Hungarian folk to Western music.

Bartolomeo, Fra. 1472-1517. Florentine master painter. High Renaissance Classical idealist. Lucca. Annunciation 1497.

Basel, Confessions. 1531, 1536. Statements of Reformation doctrines.

Basel, Treaty. 1795. Prussia, France exchange Rhine territories.

Bassi, Agostino. 1773-1856. Italian microscopist: contagion by microbes.

Batista, Fulgencio. 1901-73. Authoritarian Cuban right-wing dictator 1933-4, 52-8. Toppled by Castro.

Bavarian Succession, War. (Potato War). 1778-9. Prussia stops Austria from taking over Bavarian land ceded to it.

Bay of Pigs. 1961. CIA-financed Cuban invasion by exiles fails. Cuban Missile Crisis.

Bayeux Tapestry. c1104. 70 meter illustration of Norman Conquest of England.

Bayle, Pierre. 1647-1706. French religious sceptic: Dictionnaire Historique et Critique 1697.

Bazille, Jean-Frédéric. 1841-70. Early French Impressionist painter.

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