Talleyrand, Maurice de. 1754-1838. French politician under Directory and Empire. Congress of Vienna.

Tarkington, Booth. 1869-1946. US writer. Alice Adams 1921.

Tarkovsky, Andrei. 1932-86. Russian poetic filmmaker. Stalker. Sacrifice.

Taxation. On Income 1193. On Cooking Oil: 1000BC Egypt. Foreigners: 400BC Greece. Imports 1CBC Rome. Property: 453BC Greece, 1642 England. Sales: 49BC Rome. 1973 UK VAT. Inheritance: 23BC Rome. Salt: 1286-1790 France. Hair Powder: 1795-1869 Hearths: 1663-89. Cards: 1615. Whiskey. Eisphora. Boadicea. Godiva. Danegeld. Domesday Book. Tithes.

Test Act. 1673-1828. Banned Catholics and Non-conformists from English public office. 1567-1889 Scotland.

Themis. Greek goddess of wisdom, justice.

Thessaloniki. 315BC Rebuilt by Cassander. 168BC Rome...Byzantine. 42BC Independent. 8-12C Many conquerers. 904 Saracen. 1185 Norman. 1246 Byzantine. 1423 Venice. 1430 Turks. 1913 Greece.

Third Section. 1826-80. Nicholas I’s secret police, informants.

Thorfinn Karlsefni. Failed attempt to establish Icelandic colony in North America c1004.

Thule. Northern island discovered by Greeks 4C BC. Iceland, Shetlands or Norway?

Tonypandy Riots. 1910. Police control striking coal miners. Cavalry held in reserve by Churchill.

Torricelli, Evangelista. 1608-47. Italian physicist. mercury barometer, vacuum 1643.

Trotsky. Lev Bronstein. 1879-1940. Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, with Lenin anti-Stalin. “Worldwide Permanent Revolution”-socialism in Russia requires revolution everywhere. Favoured International Communism over Stalin’s Russian nationalism. Organized First Soviet 1905. Twice banished to Siberia by Czar. 1918 War Commissar...Red Army. Banished by Stalin 1929. Murdered in exile in Mexico.

Turin, Treaty. 1860. Nice, Savoy ceded to France by Piedmont, in exchange for Lomabardy.

Turkish War. 1714-18. Austria, Russia, Venice vs Turkey. Passarowitz.

Tuvalu. 1764 British discover. 1892 British protectorate. 1915 «Gilbert and Ellice Island colony. 1978 Independent = Tuvalu.

Unetice. Early Bronze age culture in Austria.

Utrillo, Maurice. 1883-1955. Montmartre painter. Sacre Coeur 1937. White Period 1908-14.

Vassal. Feudal holder of a fief in exchange for services.

Venetia. Venetii. 2C BC Rome. 5C Huns invade. 697 Republic of Venice.

Venice. Venetia. 452 Founded. 697 Republic. Doge. 13-15C Venetian Empire. 1797 Austria. 1866 Italy.

Verona. Raeti. Etruscans. Gauls. 89BC Rome. 489 Ostrogoth. 774 Charlemagne. 1107 Republic. 1164 Veronese League...Lombard League. 1387 Milan. 1405 Venice. 1797 Austria. 1866 Italy.

Viceroy. Governor of a territory in name of monarch.

Vidocq, François. 1775-1857. French adventurer, petty criminal. Organizer of Police de Sûreté. Thieves 1837.

Vienna, Treaty. 1725. Spain, Austria pledge to aid Stuart restoration in England. 1738 Ends War of Polish Succession. 1809 =Schönbrunn Treaty. 1864 Denmark cedes Schleswig- Holstein to Prussia. 1866 Seven Weeks War. Austria cedes Venice to Italy.

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