Farnese, Alessandro. 1545-92. Italian/Spanish governor of Netherlands. Quelled rebellion.

Fascism. 1919-45. Totalitarian movement combining Socialist theories and Nationalism. State as highest value. Mussolini. Falange. Nazism.

Fatalism. Whatever will be will be.

Fatima. c606-33. Daughter of Mohammad. Matriarch of Fatimids. Wife of Ali, Shi’ite leader.

Federalism. Autonomous states united under central government.

Federalist Party. 1787-1825. US first party founded by A. Hamilton for strong central government. In power 1791-1801.

Fellini, Federico. 1920-95. Italian symbolist filmmaker. La Dolce Vita 1960.

Feminism. 20C Women’s movement to achieve equality with men.

Fermi, Enrico. 1901-54. Italian/US atomic physicist. Transuranic elements.

Feudalism. 8-14C. Social system. Lord grants land rights (fiefs) to vassals in return for military or other service. Manorialism. Seignorialism.

Feuerbach, Ludwig. 1804-72. German philosopher. God is illusion. Immortality of man is only through works and offspring. Thoughts on Death 1830.

Fichte, Johann. 1762-1814. German Nationalist Idealist philosopher. Influenced Totalitarianism. Addresses to the German Nation 1807-8.

Ficino, Marsilio. 1433-99. Italian philosopher. Translated Greek classics to Latin. Theologia Platonicum 1482.

Fiefs. Feudalism.

Fifth Monarchy Men. 1645- English Puritan Millenialist anarchists. Venner led rebellions 1657,61.

Fiorentino, Rosso. 1495-1540. Italian/French Fontainebleau painter.

First Coalition. 1792. European countries opposed to French Revolution.

Flaubert, Gustave. 1821-1880. French Realist novelist. Madame Bovary 1851. Novembre 1842. Acquitted of corrupting public morals, 1857.

Fleurus, Battle. 1794. Key French victory over First Coalition.

Florentine. School of Painting. 1270 Academy of Fine Arts. Express humanist ideas through art. Realism and chiarascuro. DaVinci, Michelangelo, Raphael.

Fontana, Domenico. 1543-1607. Italian/Swiss architect. Vatican Library 1587. St. Peter’s Cupola 1588.

Ford, Henry. 1863-1947. US industrialist. Application of assembly line created affordable car. Model T 1908. Rivas.

Fourier, Charles. 1772-1837. French socialist philosopher. His utopia was attempted in US, Brook Farm, a voluntary cooperative.

Fox, Charles. 1749-1806. English Whig Statesman who supported Liberal causes. Coined term ’radical’ 1797.

Francesca, Piero della. 1406-92. Italian fresco painter. Story of the True Cross 1465.

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