Beneš, Eduard. 1884-1948. Czech Nationalist, President, 1935-8,46-. Little Entente.

Bengal Partition. 1905-11. Split for administrative ease. Creates nationalistic opposition.

Bennett, Arnold. 1867-1931. English Staffordshire novelist. Meticulously detailed Naturalist. Clayhanger Series 1910.

Bergman, Ingmar. 1918-. Swedish filmmaker dealing with moral issues, psychoses. Persona 1966.

Bergson, Henri. 1859-1941. Philosopher. Creative Evolution 1907. The life force. Vitalism.

Beria, Laurenty. 1899-1953. Soviet commisar in charge of Stalin’s security police 1938-.

Bering Sea Dispute. 1886-91. US/Canada re sealing rights.

Berkeley, George. 1685-1753. Irish immaterialist philosopher: reality exists only in the eye of God; for man, only when perceived. Principles of Knowledge 1710.

Bernanos, Georges. 1888-1948. French Catholic polemic writer against materialism. Diary of a Country Priest 1937.

Bernard of Chartres. -c1130. French Neoplatonic Idealist philosopher. Real world of eternal ideas vs apparent world of material objects.

Bernini, Lorenzo. 1598-1680. Italian Baroque painter, sculptor, architect. Louis XIV bust. Apollo and Daphne 1616. St. Theresa 1646.

Bernstein, Eduard. 1850-1932. German anti-militant Socialist. Founded Fabians.

Bérulle, Cardinal Pierre. 1575-1629. Founder of Oratory. ‘French’ school of spiritual thought. Congregation of priests...Lazarites. Congregationalists.

Betti, Ugo. 1892-1953. Italian dramatist. La Padrona 1927.

Bevan, Aneurin. 1897-1960. British Socialist MP 1929-60. Architect of National Health Service, 1948.

Bhutto, Ali. 1928-79. Pakistani leader 70-77. Deposed by Zia.

Black Hole of Calcutta. 1756. Small cell in which 123 of 146 British alledgedly died after being imprisoned by Bengalis.

Black Nationalism. 1960-73. US political movement for economic power.

Blake, William. 1757-1827. English mystical poet and engraver of his own books. Marriage of Heaven and Hell 1790-3. Job 1821. Dante’s Divine Comedy 1825.

Blanc, Louis. 1811-82. French Utopian Socialist. Theory of equal wages. National Workshops. Organization du Travail 1839.

Blanqui, Louis. 1805-81. French militant socialist. Coined: “Dictatorship of the Proletariat”, “Industrial Revolution”, 1837. Unsuccessful uprising 1839. Commune leader. Secret societies.

Blood Purge. 1934. Hitler’s murder of 74 Nazi radicals.

Bloody Sunday. 1887. Police kill 2 Socialists in Trafalgar Square Riot. 1905. Slaughter of petitioners to Winter Palace of Nicholas II leads to Russian Revolution. 1972. 13 killed in Londonderry riot.

Blum, Léon. 1872-1950. French Socialist Prime Minister 1936-7. 40 hr. week.

Boccaccio, Giovanni. 1313-75. Italian “father” of vernacular novel. Decameron 1348-53.

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