Declaration of Independence. July 4, 1776. American colonies declare independence from British rule during War of Independence.

Democracy. Government based on rule by the people.

Dien Bien Phu, Battle. 1954. Decisive Vietnamese victory; ends French rule.

Dominican Order. 1216. Mendicant preaching friars with severe rule. Thomists.

Doria, Andrea. 1466-1560. Genoese admiral, statesman. Freed, ruled Genoa.

Dost Muhammed. 1793-1863. Afghanistan ruler 1826-. Provoked Afghan Wars.

Dred Scott. 1857. US Supreme Court ruled slaves had no rights in court. Missouri Compromise invalid.

Eastern Question. 19-20C. Instability caused by decline of Turkish rule led to Crimean War and WWI.

Empire of the East. 286-1453. Eastern Roman Empire ruled from Byzantium. =Byzantine Emp.

Enver Pasha. 1881-1922. Young Turk leader. Revolt, 1908. WWI. Ruled with Triumvirate. 1913-18. Talât Pasha.

Ezzelino III da Ramono. 1194-1259. Cruel ruler of northern Italy. Subject of Dante’s Inferno.

February Manifesto. 1899-1905. Override of Finnish Constitution. Rule by Czar’s Edict. Russification 1890-1905.

Four Forest Cantons. 1291 separated from Hapsburg rule. 1332 formed basis of Switzerland.

Francis Joseph II. 1906-89. Ruled Liechtenstein 1938-. Neutral in WWII. High tech, banking, Europe’s richest nation. Woman suffrage 1984.

Gag Rules. 1836-44. Prevented discussion of anti-slavery bills in US Congress.

Ghazan, Mahmud. 1271-1304. Mongol Persian ruler 1295-. Made Islam state religion.

Glendower, Owen. c1354-1416. Led last Welsh revolt vs English rule 1400-12.

Godfrey of Bouillon. c1061-1100. First Crusade leader. Ruled Palestine 1099-.

Gowon, Yakubu. 1934-. Ruled Nigeria 1966-75. Defeated Biafra. Reunited country.

Gueux. 1566-76. Dutch Calvinist rebels vs Spanish rule.

Hachemite. Family which rules Jordan.

Hapsburg. Dynasty ruled Austria 1278-1918, Spain 1516-1700, Holy Roman Empire 1273-1806, Netherlands. 1712-97, Hungary 1526~1918.

Hatshepsut. First Egyptian queen to rule as Pharaoh 1503-1482BC.

Hillel. c30BC-9. Jewish commentator. 7 Rules for interpreting Bible.

Hohenstaufen. German dynasty. Ruled Holy Roman Empire 1138-1254. Welfs.

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