Baroque Art. 1600-1750. Orig in Italy, spread across W. Europe. Architecture: Ornate style characterized by stucco, frescoes, rood screens. Vanbrugh. Bernini’s Barberini Palace. Music: Counterpoint vs Renaissance polyphony. Opera, cantata. Bach. Monteverdi. Vivaldi. Painting: Dynamic, emotional. Caravaggio. Reni. Rubens.Van Dyck. Rococo.

Barrault, Jean-Louis. 1910-94. French actor, producer. F. Théâtre d’Orsay.

Becquerel, Henri. 1852-1908. French discoverer of Uranium radioactivity, 1896. Curie.

Behaviourism. 1913. Actions are response to physical stimuli. Skinner. Watson. Pavlov.

Behrens, Peter. 1868-1940. German modern architect. AEG Factory 1909.

Behring, Emil. 1854-1917. German bacteriologist: founded Immunology. Diphtheria (1892), Tetanus (1904) serums.

Berlin-Rome Axis. 1936-45. Axis.

Bernhardt, Sarah. 1844-1923. French dramatic actress. Roles in Phèdre, La Tosca.

Blaue Reiter (Blue Rider). 1911-14. Organization of Abstract Expressionist artists. Kandinsky. Klee.

Blitzkrieg. 1938-45. German battle tactic. Rapid, deep assault with tanks supported from air.

Bloomer, Amelia. 1818-94. US temperance, women’s rights activist. Wore bloomers.

Blue Laws. US laws that control Sunday activities. 1781 originals on blue paper.

Blues and Greens. 5-9C. Byzantine political factions. Nika Revolt.

Bollandists. 1629-. Belgian Jesuits. Update Acta Santorium, (Lives of Roman Catholic saints).

Bolsheviks. (“Majority”) 1903-52. Revolutionary faction of Social Democratic Workers Party for dictatorship of Proletariat. =Communist. Mensheviks.

Booth, John Wilkes. 1838-65. US actor. Shot Lincoln, 1865.

Bordet, Jules. 1870-1961. Belgian bacteriologist, immunologist.

Boston Massacre. 1770. British soldiers kill 5 colonists rioting vs Townshend Acts. A cause of the American Revolution.

Boston Tea Party. 1773. Colonials dump tea cargo to protest tax. Led to Intolerable Acts.

Bowditch, Nathaniel. 1773-1838. US self-educated astronomer, mathematician. New American Practical Navigator 1802.

Bradlaugh, Charles. 1833-91. Radical atheist MP, 1880-. Oath Act, permitting affirmation for swearing in.

Bragg, William. 1862-1942. English discoverer of crystallography by x-ray diffraction. with son Lawrence (1890-1971).

Brancusi, Constantin. 1876-1957. Romanian abstract sculptor. Bird in Space 1919.

Briand, Aristide. 1862-1932. French Prime Minister 1909~29, orator. “Separation of Church and State”, 1905. Advocated union of Europe. Kellogg-Briand.

Briand-Kellog Pact. Kellogg-Briand.

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