Seymour, Jane. 1509-37. Third wife of Henry VIII. Died after giving birth to Edward VI.

Sienkiewicz, Henryk. 1846-1916. Polish novelist: Slowo Trilogy 1883-88. Quo Vadis 1896.

Six Articles, Statute. 1539-1547. Henry VIII’s statement of Church of England doctrine. Persecuted both adamant Catholics and Protestants.

Skelton, John. c1460-1529. English satirical poet. Tutor, adviser to Henry VIII.

St Albans. 1455. First battle of War of Roses. Henry VI captured by Yorks.

St John, Henry. 1678-1751. British statesman, writer.

Stafford, Henry. 1454-83. Aided, then opposed Richard III. Executed.

Stanley, Henry. 1841-1904. British/US explorer in Africa 1868-95. Found Livingstone 1871. Founded Congo Free State.

Steinway, Henry. 1797-1871. German/US innovative piano manufacturer.

Stuart, Henry. 1725-1807. Last Stuart claimant to English throne. Left family jewels to George IV.

Suffolk, First duke. c1484-1545. Brother-in-law, aide of Henry VIII. Incompetent military leader.

Supremacy, Act of. 1534 Henry VIII establishes Church of England under monarch. 1554 Repealed by Mary I. 1559 Elizabeth I re-established Church of England. Oath required of all MPs.

Tanganyika. Bantu. 18C Masai. 18-19C Slave source. 1871 Stanley, Livingstone. German East Africa. 1919 British mandate = Tanganyika. 1946 United Nations Trust. 1961 Independent. 1962 Republic. 1964 +Zanzibar=Tanzania. Nyerere.

Thoreau, Henry. 1817-62. US naturist, anarchist essayist: Civil Disobedience 1848. Walden 1854.

Three Henrys War. 1585-89. French War of Religion. Henri de Guise fails to depose Henry III. Executed. Henry III murdered. Henry of Navarre takes throne.

Tinchebrai, Battle. 1106. Henry I re-unifies Normandy, England.

Towton, Battle. 1461. York victory in War of Roses. Henry VI fled England. Edward IV took crown.

Transcendentalism. 1835-55. US philosophy. Man’s divinity and goodness. Insight over logic. Opposed to authority. Thoreau. Emerson. Channing.

Tudor, Owen. 1400-61. Welsh. Married Henry V’s widow, Catherine of Valois. Founded Tudor dynasty.

Warwick, Earl of. 1428-71. “The Kingmaker”-. Helped York Edward IV, then restored Lancaster Henry VI.

Wells, Henry. 1805-78. US founder of express company, 1848. American Express 1850. Wells Fargo 1852.

Westminster Abbey. 7C Benedictine monastery. 1050-65 New Building, additions by Edward the Confessor; 1245 by Henry III. West towers 1745. Used for all British coronations since William I.

Westminster, Provisions of. 1259. Reenacted as Marlborough Statute 1267. Forced on Henry III by barons, limiting power. Barons War.

Wolsey, Thomas. c1475-1530. English cardinal. Lord Chancellor to Henry VIII. Lost influence when unable to secure divorce from Catherine of Aragon. Built Hampton Court Palace as gift for Henry VIII. Unpopularity a cause of Reformation.

Worms, Concordat of. 1122. Agreement between Pope Calixtus and Emperor Henry V to share power to appoint bishops and abbots. Spiritualia, regalia vested separately.