Suffrage, Women. 1893 New Zealand. 1902 Australia. 1906 Finland. 1913 Norway. 1915 Denmark. 1917 USSR. 1918 Canada. 1918/28 Britain. Reform Bills. 1920 US. 1971 Switzerland. 1976 Liechtenstein. Not yet in Arab countries. Wyoming.

Sykes-Picot Agreement. 1916. France, Britain agree on post WWI partition of Ottoman Empire.

Thatcher, Margaret. 1925-. Britain’s first woman Prime Minister 1979-. Conservative. Monetarist. Falklands War.

Tory. Term (Irish = outlaw) applied 1679 to Duke of York supporters. English Royalist political party 1690-1830, refounded as Conservative Party 1833. In US: =colonists loyal to Britain during American Revolution.

Toussaint L’Ouverture, Francois. c1743-1803. Haitian rebel. Helped French expel Britain, Spain. Emancipated slaves. Established black governed French protectorate.

Trade Unions. Legalized: 1824 Britain. 1834 France. 1869 Germany. 1875 British legalized picketing.

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. USSR. 1917 Communist revolution, Civil War. 1923 Union of states. 1939 +Galicia. 1940 +Baltic States, Bessarabia, Karelia. 1945 +Ruthenia. Recognized: 1923 US, 1924 Britain, 1940 Yugoslavia. 1991 Dissolved. Russia.

United Empire Loyalists. 18C. Colonists who supported Britain during American Revolution, went to Canada.

United States of America. USA. 40,000-20,000BC Asians settle. 1492-1776 Spain, Portugal, France, Netherlands, Britain colonize. 1776 American Revolution. 1783 Thirteen Colonies independent. Manifest Destiny. 1845 +Texas. 1848 +California. 1867 +Alaska. 1898 +Hawaii, Puerto Rico.

Vaucreuil, Cavagnal, Marquis de. 1698-1765. Governor of New France. Surrendered to Britain 1760. Seven Years War.

Venezuela Boundary Dispute. 19C over border with British Guiana. 1899 Most territory to Britain. Monroe Doctrine.

Vienna, Congress. 1814-15. Redrew map of Europe after Napoleon. Prussia gains Rhine, Westphalia. Swiss borders and neutrality confirmed. Netherlands created from Holland, Belgium, Luxembourg. Malta and Cape Colony ceded to Britain. Russia gets Poland. Austria trades Netherlands for north Italy. France reduced to 1792 borders. Metternich.

V-1, V-2. 1944. WWII German missiles vs Britain, Belgium. V=Vergeltung(Revenge). 8,000 V-1s. 1300 V-2s. Basis for future space research.

Waìtangi, Treaty. 1840. Britain annexes New Zealand from Maori.

Washington Conference. 1921-2. Naval arms limitation treaty. Four Power Pacific Treaty: US, Japan, Britain, France.

Webster-Ashburton, Treaty. 1842. Britain, US settle Eastern US-Canada border, suppress slave trade.

Western European Union. 1948. Britain, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg. 1954 +Italy, Germany. 50 year treaty. NATO. European Defense Community.

Westminster, Treaties. 1654 Ends Dutch War. Dutch pay England. 1662 England, Brandenberg most-favoured nation status. 1674 Dutch American colonies to Britain. 1756 Prussia, British neutrality.

World War II. 1939-45. Allies-Britain, France, US(1941-), Russia(1941-) vs Axis-Italy, Germany, Japan, Russia(-1941). Caused by German Totalitarian expansionism resulting from WWI reparations and fear of Communism. 55M dead. 35M wounded. 30M refugees. Cost $US 1500B. Led to United Nations, Soviet power, State of Israel, atomic weapons.

Zaghlul, Sa’d. 1857-1927. Egyptian Wafd leader for independence from Britain. Prime Minister 1924.