Russian Revolution. 1905. Led to Duma, Constitution and end of Mir system. Police gradually regained authority. October Manifesto. Bloody Sunday. 1917 Feb: Liberal republicans overthrow Czar. Oct: Lenin’s Bolsheviks overthrow Kerensky’s Provisional Government, withdraw from WWI.

Russo-Japanese War. 1904-5. Unsuccessful attempt to limit Japanese Imperialism. A cause of Russian Revolution 1905.

Saint-Just, Louis de. 1767-94. French revolutionary leader. Ally of Robespierre.

Salomon, Haym. 1740-85. Main financial backer of American Revolution.

Sansculottes. 1793-4. Radical French Revolutionaries. Demanded action of Convention vs counterrevolution. Terror.

Saratoga, Battle. 1777. American victory, turning point in American Revolution.

September Massacres. 1792. Paris. 1200 prisoners killed by revolutionaries in 4 days. French Revolution.

Shot Heard Around the World. 1775. Battle of Lexington and Concord beginning American Revolution.

Socialism. 19C-. Movement opposing Liberalism, Capitalism. Advocates equal rights, just distribution of property, well-being of proletariat through reform or revolution. Utopia.

Socialist Revolutionary Party. 1901-22. Russia. Sought classless society. Suppressed by Bolsheviks.

Sorel, George. 1847-1922. French advocate of revolutionary syndicalism. Reflection on Violence 1908 justified violence and general strikes. Influenced Mussolini.

Stalin, Joseph. 1879-1953. Soviet bloodthirsty revolutionary. Leader 1924-. 5 Year Plans modernized Russia. 1928 Collectivization. 1932- Dictator. 1936-8 Purge. Turned Marxism to Nationalism and Imperialism. World Socialist Revolution under USSR. 1952 abolished Politburo.

Stamp Act. 1765. British tax on newspapers and legal documents. A cause of American Revolution. Stamp Act Congress.

Stamp Act Congress. 1765. Issued Declaration of Rights and Grievances vs “taxation without representation”. American Revolution.

Steuben, Baron von. 1730-94. Prussian general. Trained, organized American Revolution army 1778-.

Stolypin, Pyotr. 1862-1911. Russian Prime Minister 1906-. Used secret police to control revolutionaries. Moderate reforms.

Sucre, Antonio de. 1795-1830. Revolutionary with Bolivar. First Bolivian president 1826-8.

Sugar Act. 1764. British law to end sugar smuggling. A cause of American Revolution.

Sultan. Islamic spiritual and political leader.

Sun Yat-sen. 1866-1925. Chinese revolutionary humanitarian. Failed revolts 1895, 1913. President 1911-12, 23-25. Organized Kuomintang.

Supreme Being, Cult of. 1794. French Revolution. Robespierre. Cult of Reason.

Terror, The. 1793-4. 17000 executed by revolutionary tribunal in French Revolution. Robespierre.

Thiers, Adolphe. 1797-1877. French. Led July Revolution. Paris wall 1841. Crushed Paris Commune 1871. First president of Third Republic 1871-3.

Third Estate. Part of States General 1789. National Assembly. French Revolution.

Three-Anti Campaign. 1951-2. Chinese communists try to eliminate fraud, mismanagement, corruption after revolution.

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