Capella, Martianus. 4-5C. Carthaginian liberal arts curriculum. Influential through Middle Ages.

Carthage. 814BC Phoenician colony. Dido. 574BC Independence after Tyre falls. 480BC Republic. 264-146BC Punic Wars. Hannibal. 146BC Rome razes, rebuilds. 439 Vandals plunder. 533 Byzantine. 705 Moslem. Tunis.

Cartwright, John. 1740-1824. English reformer for universal male suffrage, abolition of slavery.

Cat and Mouse Act. Prisoners Temporary Discharge for Health Act. 1913. Released British suffragettes on hunger strikes.

Catalan. Romance language of Andorra, NE Spain, SW France.

Catalonia. Iberians. Colonized by Phoenicia, Greece, Carthage. c200BC Rome. 5C Goths. 712 Moors. c788 Charlemagne. 1137 +Aragon. 1932 Autonomous. 1939 Spain.

Catherine of Aragon. 1485-1536. First wife of Henry VIII. Marriage annulled.

Catulus, Gaius. 3C BC. Roman General. Defeated Carthage. Ended First Punic War.

Ceausescu, Nicolae. 1918-89. Repressive Romanian dictator, 1965-. Advocated independence from USSR and western ties. Economic policy led to food, energy shortages. Overthrown and executed.

Céline, Louis-Ferdinand. 1894-1961. French writer: Voyage au bout de la nuit 1932.

Chartists. 1836-58. British workers’ reform movement. Petitions 1838,40,48 for universal male suffrage, ballot vote led to riots 1839. Lovett.

Chile. Inca/Araucanian. 1520 Magellan discovers. 1540 Spain. 1818 Independent. 1884 +War of Pacific. O’Higgins. Pinochet.

Chomsky, Noam. 1928-. US linguist. Invented transformational grammar. Language and the Mind.

Christian X. Danish king 1912-47. Symbol of Danish Resistance. Imprisoned by Nazis 1943-5. Women’s vote 1915. Independent Iceland 1918.

Christo, (Gabrovo Javacheff). 1935-. Bulgarian/US artist with wife Jeanne-Claude. Pont Neuf Packaged 1985. Reichstag 1995.

CIA. Central Intelligence Agency. 1947-. US information gathering agency. Replaced OSS. National Security Act. Activities: 1953 Iran. 1954 Guatemala. 1967 Guevara. 1973 Chile. 1976 Nigeria.

Ciceronian Period. 70-43BC. First great age of Latin literature.

Comenius, John. 1592-1670. Czech founder of direct method of language education. First use of pictures.

Conquillards. Jargon language. Villon.

Constitution, US. 1787. Effective 1789. Defines government, liberties, basic laws. Amendments I-X 1791 Bill of Rights. XIII 1865 Abolishes slavery. XVIII 1919 Prohibition. XIX 1920 Women suffrage. XXI 1933 Repeals Prohibition. XXVI 1971 Voting age 18.

Copenhagen, Battle. 1801. Nelson destroys Danish fleet. 1807. British bomb Copenhagen.

Copper Age. c3000BC. Early Bronze Age.

Cornish. -1780. Celtic language. Breton.

Corsica. 6C BC Phocaean. Etruscan. 278BC Carthage. 259BC Rome. 5C Vandal. 6C Byzantine. 8C Papacy. 10C Saracen. 1077 Pisa. 1296 Genoa, Aragon dispute. 1569 Genoa. 1768 France. 1794 Britain. 1796 France 1814-15 British occupy. WWII Germans occupy.

Court of Miracles. In Middle Ages in Paris, area where beggars lived at night, shedding their wooden legs, etc.

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