Berlin Conference. 1884. Bismarck called 15 nations to resolve African issues. Congo granted independence. Slavery suppressed.

Boer War. 1899-1902. British defeat Boer Republic in South Africa. Vereeniging.

Boers. 17-19C Dutch settlers in South Africa. Great Trek.

Bokassa. 1921-96. Central African Republic dictator 1966-79. Overthrew Dacko, who was restored by France.

Botha, Louis. 1862-1919. First Prime Minister 1910- of South Africa.

Bruce, James. 1730-94. African explorer 1768-73.

Buganda.19C African kingdom. 1890s Britain. 1962 Independent under Uganda. 1966 Uganda.

Burkina Faso. (Upper Volta). 11C Bobo. 14C Mossi(E)/Gourma(C)...Kingdoms of Yatanga, Ouagadouga. 1895(E)/97(C) French protectorate. 1904 French Sudan. 1919 French colony. 1932-47 Divided Ivory Coast/Niger/French Sudan. 1948 French Territory. 1960 Independent. 1984 =Burkina Faso.

Bushmen. South African tribe. = San.

Caillié, René. 1799-1838. French explorer in Africa.

Caliphate Empire. 632-1258. Moslem Empire founded by Muhammad. From Afghanistan to north Africa and Spain. Umayyad. Abbasid.

Cameron, Verney. 1844-94. English African explorer.

Cape Colony. 1806 British colony. South Africa.

Cape of Good Hope. Bantu. 1652 Dutch. 1814 British Cape Colony. 1910 Province, South Africa.

Central African Republic. 1891 French colony 1910 «French Equatorial Africa. 1958 Self-government. 1960 Independent. 1976-79 Central African Empire.

Chad. 7C Sao. 11C Kanem. 14-16C Kanem, Bornu dispute...16C Bornu. 1808 Hausa. 1897 French protectorate. 1910 French colony «French Equatorial Africa. 1960 Independent republic.

Concentration Camps. 1862-65 USA. 1899-1902. British internment of Boers in South Africa. 1922-91. USSR. 1933-45 Nazi prisons for extermination and slave labour. Buchenwald. Auschwitz. Dachau. 1942-6 US Relocation Centers. 1942-46 Canada. 1950’s Kenya. 1973 Chile.

Congo. 1482 Portugal explore. 1880 French settle(N). 1885 Belgium(S). 1910 «French Equatorial Africa. 1960 Independent. 1971 =Zaire. 1997 =Democratic Republic of Congo. Mobutu.

Dutch West India Company. 1621-1794. Commercial and colonial interests in Africa, South America. Driven from Brazil, 1654, New York, 1667.

French Equatorial Africa. 1839 French settle. 1910 French Equatorial Africa. 1960 Central African Republic + Independent Chad, Gabon, Congo.

French West Africa. 1895-1958. Dahomey, Guinea, Mali, Ivory Coast, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Burkino Faso.

Gabon. Mpongwe. 1485 Portugal. 1839 France 1889 «Congo. 1910 French Equatorial Africa. 1940 Free France. 1946 French Territory. 1960 Independent republic.

Gaiseric. 390-477. Vandal and Alani King 428-. Conquered Roman Africa 429. Sacked Rome 455.

Garvey, Marcus. 1887-1940. Jamaican/US black nationalist. Back to Africa Movement.

Gold Rush. 1550 Bohemia. 1849 California. 1851 Australia. 1880s Rhodesia. 1886 South Africa. 1897 Klondike.

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