Koffka, Kurt. 1886-1941. German. Founder of Gestalt psychology. Köhler.

Kölliker, Rudolph. 1817-1905. German histologist. Discovered cellular structure of tissue. Spermatozoa 1841.

Königgrätz, Battle. 1866. Ended 7 Week War. Left Prussia dominant over Germany. = Sadowa.

Krebs, Hans. 1900-81. German/English biochemist. Citric acid cycle of human energy, 1937.

Krupp. 1587-1968. German family of arms manufacturers. Steel works 1812. Canon 1847. Used slave labour in WWII.

Lance. 1927 Abolished by British army. 1939 used by Polish cavalry vs German tanks.

Langhans, Carl. 1732-1808. German architect. Brandenburg Gate 1789.

Lassalle, Ferdinand. 1825-64. German Socialist. 1848 Revolutionary Movement.

Latvia. 9C Varangian. 1158 Teutonic Knights. 1561 Poland(S). 1629 Sweden(N). 1721 Russian(N)...1795 Russian(all). 1918 Independent republic. 1934 Ulmanis dictator. 1940 USSR. 1941-45 German occupation. 1991 Independent.

Lausanne, Treaty. 1912. Turkey cedes Tripoli to Italy after Italo-Turkish War. 1932. Ended German WWI reparations despite US rejection.

League of 3 Emperors. 1872. Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia for defence vs France.

League of Nations. 1920-46. Versailles. For everlasting peace. Idea of US, who did not join. Germany 1926-33. Maximum 63 nations. Failed 1931 when Japan attacked Manchuria. USSR expelled1939. Dissolved 1946. Mandates.

Leibniz, Gottfried. 1646-1716. German philosopher, mathematician. Invented differential and integral calculus1675, binary arithmetic 1703. Multiplication machine 1671.

Leipzig, Battle. 1813. Napoleon loses Germany and Poland. 500,000 troops involved.

Leningrad, Siege. 1941-44. By Germans. Unsuccessful. 1M died.

Leopold III. 1901-83. King of Belgians 1934-51. German prisoner 1940-5. Abdicated.

Lessing, Gotthold. 1729-81. German Movement dramatist. Laokoon 1765. Minna von Barnheim 1767. Nathan the Wise 1779.

Liebig, Justus von. 1808-73. German chemist. Analysis of organic compounds, 1831. Agricultural chemistry, 1841. Chloroform 1831.

Liebknecht, Wilhelm. 1826-1900. German Socialist. Founded Social Democratic Labour Party, 1869.

Limon von Sanders, Otto. 1855-1929. German general. Led Turks at Galipoli.

List, Friedrich. 1789-1846. German economist. Advocated protectionism. National System of Political Economy 1846.

Livonian Knights. 1202-1561. German religious order to Christianize Baltic. Livonia.

Locarno Pact. 1925. Non-aggression treaty in Europe. Germany, France, Belgium, et al. Broken when Hitler occupied Rhineland,1936.

Lohengrin. German legendary knight of the Holy Grail.

Lombards. Germanic people. 568 invaded Italy. 808 Jews formed banking system. 14C Commercial banks.

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