Industrial Revolution. 1730-. Transformation from agricultural to urbanized manufacturing economy as a result of steam power. 1830 England, France. 1850 Germany. 1860 USA. Blanqui. Toynbee.

Jahn, Friedrich. 1778-1852. German “father of gymnastics”. Turnverein.

Jaspers, Karl. 1883-1969. German Existential philosopher. Philosophie 1932.

Jodl, Alfred. 1890-1946. German general. Signed capitulation at Reims. Condemned at Nuremberg.

Jutes. Germanic tribe who invaded England 5C. Established Canterbury.

Jutland, Battle. 1916. Jellicoe’s indecisive attempt to trap German fleet.

Kant, Immanuel. 1724-1804. German Romantic philosopher. Free-will. Inherent moral nature implies “Transcendental” world of freedom. Although the mind builds internal maps of sensory perceptions, we do not know what the world is really like. -“moral imperative = human diginity”. On Heaven 1755. Critique of Pure Reason 1781. Critique of Practical Reason 1788. Critique of Judgement.

Kapp Putsch. 1920. Failed German revolt vs Weimar Republic.

Karl-Marx-Stadt. 1953-90. = Chemnitz, (East). Germany.

Kautsky, Karl. 1854-1938. German Marxist leader.

Keitel, Wilhelm. 1882-1946. German marshal who signed capitulation 1945. Executed at Nuremberg.

Kepler, Johannes. 1571-1630. German astronomer, deduced elliptical planetary motions 1609. Explained tides 1598.

Kerensky Offensive. 1917. Failed attack on Germans in Galicia by Kerensky Provisional government.

Kesselring, Albert. 1887-1960. German Commander-in-Chief in Italy, 1943. Delayed Allied victory. WWII.

Kiel Mutiny. 1918. Navy mutiny causes German uprising. Weimar Republic.

Kircher, Athanasius. 1602-80. German scientist. Disease caused by microbes. Magic Lantern.

Kirchhoff, Gustav. 1824-87. German physicist: spectral analysis 1859. Cesium 1860. Bunsen. Electrical equations 1845.

Kirchner, Ernst. 1880-1938. German erotic Expressionist artist. Die Brücke movement. Street, Berlin 1907.

Kissinger, Henry. 1923-. German/US political scientist. US Secretary of State 1973-7. Shuttle Diplomacy.

Kleist, Heinrich von. 1777-1811. German dramatist. Schroffenstein 1803.

Klemperer, Otto. 1885-1973. German conductor of Stravinsky, Mahler, Beethoven.

Klinger, Friedrich. 1752-1831. German writer. Sturm und Drang 1776 inspires movement.

Klopstock. 1724-1803. German Movement poet. -“love of the Fatherland”. Odes.

Knights’ War. 1522-3. Failed German rebellion vs Reformation.

Koch, Robert. 1843-1910. German doctor. Identified bacilli for anthrax 1876, tuberculosis 1882, cholera 1883.

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