Irving, Washington. 1783-1859. US writer. Rip van Winkle. Legend of Sleepy Hollow 1819. Tales of a Traveller 1824. Inventor of short story.

Isabel. 1846-1921. Brazilian princess. As regent during Pedro II absence, abolished slavery 1888. Led to fall of Brazilian Empire.

Isabella of Bavaria. 1371-1435. French Queen consort/regent 1389-1422. Recognized British heir to French throne. Treaty of Troyes. Hundred Years War.

Jackson, Andrew. 1767-1845. US President 1829-37. General 1812-18. Opposed tarrifs. Retired public debt 1835. Spoils system. Universal white male suffrage. Kitchen Cabinet. New Orleans.

Jackson, Thomas “Stonewall”. 1824-63. Mexican War and Confederacy general. Bull Run, Shenandoah, Antietam.

Jagatai. -1242. Mongol conqueror. Son of Genghis Khan.

Japan. 660BC Empire founded by legendary Jimmu. 5C AD First unified state. c552 Buddhism. 1192 First Shogun ruler. 1543 European contact (Portugal). 1639 Isolation. 1868 Meiji restoration. 1945-52 Allies occupy. 1947 Constitutional monarchy.

Jerusalem, Council. 50. Exempted Gentiles from Mosaic Law, circumcision.

Jewish Agency. 1929-. Founded by Weizmann to support Zionist cause in Palestine.

Jimmu Tennõ. c660BC. Japan’s legendary first Emperor. Direct descendent of Sun goddess.

Jinnah, Muhammed Ali. 1876-1948. Founded Moslem League 1934. Demanded partition of India. First gov-gen. of Pakistan.

Joan, Pope. Legendary female pontiff 855-8.

Jodl, Alfred. 1890-1946. German general. Signed capitulation at Reims. Condemned at Nuremberg.

John of Lancaster. 1389-1435. English regent of France. Allowed Joan of Arc’s execution.

Jorgensen, Christine. 1926-89. First m-f sex change patient, 1952.

Joseph of Arimathea, St. Buried Jesus in his own tomb. By legend, brought Holy Grail to England.

Joséphine, Empress. 1763-1814. Widow of beheaded General de Beauharnais, wife of Napoleon 1796-1809; divorced.

Judith. Jewish heroine. Killed Holofernes, Nebuchadnezzar’s general.

Jugenstil. Art Nouveau.

Junta. Emergency administrative council. Often after an overthrow of existing government.

Kano School. 15-17C. Family. 7 generations of influential Japanese painters. Moral symbolism.

Kearny, Stephen. 1794-1848. US general. Captured NM in Mexican War.

Kekraps. Phoenician King. Legendary founder of Athens.

Kellerman, François. 1735-1820. French general. Defeated Prussia at Valmy, 1792, saving Revolutionary France.

Kennedy, Robert. 1925-68. US attorney-general 1961-4. Assassinated while running for presidential nomination.

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