Hutterites. 16C-. Communal Hungarian Anabaptist sect. 1870s moved to Western North America.

Iberia. c6C-65BC. Kingdom in southwest Russia.

Indian Territory. 1834. Originally all territory west of Mississippi. Later, reservations in Oklahoma.

Intolerable Acts. 1774. British response to Boston Tea Party, Gaspee burning. Closed Boston Harbor. Established military government. Midwest under Quebec rule...Continental Congress.

Ito Hirobumi. 1841-1909. Westernizing Japanese statesman. First Parliament 1890.

John V. 1332-91. Byzantine Empire 1341~91. Tried to unite East-West Schism to fight Turks.

K’ang-hsi. 1654-1722. Chinese Emperor 1661-. Expanded China. Encouraged western science education.

Kickapoo Indians. North America midwest warriors. Fought Americans in American Revolution, War of 1812, Black Hawk War. Resettled in Kansas.

Kosovo. Predominantly Albanian province of southwest Serbia, Yugoslavia. 1996-99 KLA rebels seek autonomy. Serbian ethnic cleansing.

Leo III, St. -816. Pope 795-. Crowned Charlemagne recreating Western Roman Empire.

Leo IX, St. 1002-54. Pope 1049-. Excommunicated Cerularius, causing East-West Schism.

Louis II. The Stammerer. 846-79. W Frankish King 877-.

Lusitania. Roman province ≈Portugal + west Spain.

Lyons, Council, 2nd. 1274. Union of East, West churches. Later repudiated by Greek clergy. Schism.

Marlborough Statute. Westminster, Provisions of.

May Fourth Movement. 1915-21. Chinese intellectuals for modernization, westernization, freedom for women.

McClure, Robert. 1807-73. British naval commander. First Northwest Passage crossing by boat and sledge 1853-4.

Mexican War. 1846-8. US acquires western territory (5 states). Guadalupe-Hidalgo. 1861-4. Napoleon III conquers Mexico, installs Emperor Maximilian.

Monroe Doctrine. 1823. No interference by Europe in Western Hemisphere. No US interference in Europe.

Moors. Moslems of northwest Africa. Invaded Spain 711. Dominated to 11C. Surrendered Grenada 1492. Exterminated by Inquisition. Expelled from Spain 1492.

Moscow Olympics. 1980. Boycotted by Western nations opposed to Afghanistan invasion.

Namibia. Bushman. Nama, Dama. Ovambo, Herero. 1884 German protectorate. 1892 Colony = German South-West Africa. 1915 South Africa...League of Nations mandate. 1948 South Africa despite UN protest. 1990 Independent. SWAPO.

NATO. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 1949- Collective defence alliance of Western European and North Atlantic countries to preserve democratic freedom. UK, Canada, France, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Norway, Denmark, Iceland, Italy, Portugal, US. 1952 Greece, Turkey, 1955 FRG. 1964 -Greece. 1966 -France. 1980 +Greece. 1982 +Spain. 1993 +France. 1999 +Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic. 2004 +Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia.

Neustria. Western of 4 Merovingian kingdoms. Austrasia.

Neuve-Chapelle, Battle. 1915. Failed WWI artillery attack by British on Western Front.

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