Joffre, Joseph. 1852-1931. French marshal. Won at Marne 1914. French Commander-in-Chief 1914-16.

John Baptist de la Salle, St. 1651-1789. French priest. Founded Reims school.

John of Brienne. 1148-1237. French. Led 5th Crusade. King of Jerusalem 1210-25.

Joinville, Jean de. 1224-1317. French chronicler, advised St Louis. Histoire 1309.

Jongleurs. French medieval wandering entertainers.

Jourdan, Jean. 1762-1833. French Revolutionary marshal. Introduced conscription 1798. Victor at Fleurus.

Kandinsky, Wassily. 1866-1944. Russian/French. First pure nonfigurative abstract painter. Influenced by Anthroposophy. Blaue Reiter 1903.

Kellerman, François. 1735-1820. French general. Defeated Prussia at Valmy, 1792, saving Revolutionary France.

King William’s War. 1689-97. Britain vs France in North America. War of Grand Alliance. First French-Indian War.

Kléber, Jean. 1753-1800. French general. Suppressed Vendée rebellion.

LaBarre, Jean. 1747-66. French nobleman, beheaded for mutilating a crucifix.

Labiche, Eugène. 1815-88. French writer of plays and vaudevilles. La Clef des Champs 1838.

Labrouste, Henri. 1801-75. French architect. Early use of iron. Bibliothèque Nationale 1862.

LaBruyère, Jean de. 1645-96. French satiric moralist writer. Caractères 1688.

Laënnec, René. 1781-1826. French. Invented stethoscope 1819.

Lafayette. 1757-1834. French revolutionary general and political leader in American Revolution, 1776, French Revolutions, 1789, 1830.

LaFontaine, Jean de. 1621-95. French poet. Fables 1668-94.

Laforgue, Jules. 1860-1887. French symbolist poet. Invented verse libre. Les Complaintes 1885.

Lagos, Battle. 1759. British navy stops French invasion of England.

Lagrange, Louis. 1736-1813. French mathematician. Analysis of mechanical systems. Celestial mechanics.

LaHire. 1390-1443. French commander with Joan of Arc.

Lamarck, Jean de. 1744-1829. French evolutionary biologist. Classified vertebrates 1809. Transformism 1809. Lysenko.

Lamartine, Alphonse de. 1790-1869. French Romantic poet. Méditations Poétiques 1820.

Lammenais, Félicité de. 1782-1854. French RC priest. Liberal writer influenced Christian Democrats. Paroles d’un Croyant 1833.

Lancret, Nicolas. 1690-1743. French painter of light comic scenes.

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