Dieppe. 1942. Unsuccessful Canadian-led experimental assault on French port. 44,000 dead.

Directory. French government 1795-99. Consulate.

Djibouti. 1896 =French Somaliland (Afars, Issas). 1977 Independent.

Doctrinaires. 1815-30. French Royalist writers.

Dolet, Étienne. 1509-46. French scholar. Executed for denying the soul’s immortality.

Dominica. Carib. 1493 Columbus discovers. 1660s French settle. 17C French, British dispute. 1805 British. 1966 Self-governing. 1978 Independent republic.

Doré, Gustave. 1832-83. French illustrator.

Doumer, Paul. 1857-1932. French President 1931-. Assassinated.

Doumergue, Gaston. 1863-1937. French Prime Minister 1910-11, President 1924-31. Instability.

Dreyfus, Alfred. 1859-1935. Jewish French officer. Trial divided France, 1894-1906. Unjustly sent to Devil’s Island on forged evidence. Zola. Esterhazy.

Du Gange. 1610-88. French scholar. Latin Dictionary.

Duchamp, Marcel. 1887-1968. French/US Dada artist.

Dufy, Raoul. 1877-1953. French Fauvist painter.

Dukas, Paul. 1865-1935. French composer. Ariane, Barbe-Bleue. Sorcerer’s Apprentice 1897.

Duluth. 1636-1710. French explorer of Lake Superior area.

Dumas, Alexandre (Père). 1802-70. French writer. Three Musketeers 1844. Count of Monte Cristo.

Dunkirk, Treaty. 1947. 50 yr. English-French alliance.

Dupleix, Joseph François. 1696-1763. French Administrator in India, failed to establish French Empire.

Duquesne, Abraham. 1610-88. French defeat Spanish, Dutch fleets.

Durkheim, Emile. 1858-1917. French sociologist. Division of Labour in Society 1893.

Dutch Wars. 1672-8. French expansionism thwarted by United Provinces. Anglo-Dutch Wars.

Duval, Claude. 1643-70. French/English gallant highwayman.

East India Companies. British, Dutch, French. Danish 1614-1729. Austrian, 1720-7.

École Militaire. 1752. French Royal Military Academy. Gabriel.

École Polytechnique. 1794-. French college of high repute. Replaced Navarre. Graduates are the “X”.

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