Gallican Confession. 1559. French Calvinists’ statement of faith.

Gallicanism. 13-19C. French Catholic independence from papal authority. Conciliarism vs Ultramontanism.

Gambetta, Léon. 1838-82. French Third Republic leader.

Gambia, The. 1455 Portugal discovers. 1588 British settle. 17-18C French, British dispute. 1843 British Crown Colony. 1965 Independent. 1970 Republic.

Garigliano, Battle. 1503. Spain defeats French invasion and wins Naples.

Garnerin, A-J. 1769-1823. French. First parachutist. Landed in Monceau park, Paris, 1797.

Garnier, Charles. 1825-98. French architect. Paris Opera House 1860.

Garnier, Franis. 1839-73. French sailor, conquered Tonkin.

Garros, Roland. 1888-1918. French aviator, first to cross Mediterranean.

Gaudier-Brzeska, Henri. 1891-1915. French Vorticist sculptor.

Gauguin, Paul. 1848-1903. French Post-Impressionist painter typified by abstracted figures and flat planes of color. Tahitian Landscape. Day of the God 1894.

Gautier, Théophile. 1811-72. French poet. -“Art for art’s sake”. Mlle de Maupin 1835.

Gay-Lussac, Louis. 1778-1850. French chemist. Laws of combining gases, 1804. Meteorology.

Genêt, Edmond. 1763-1834. French diplomat. Failed to win US support for war vs Britain.

Genet, Jean. 1910-86. French dramatist. Theatre of the Absurd. The Blacks 1958.

Geneva Conference. 1954. Ends French control of Indo-China. Khrushchev, Eisenhower, Eden, Faure.

Gericault, Théodore. 1791-1824. French painter. First Romantic. Officers 1812. Raft of Medusa 1819.

Gide, André. 1869-1951. French writer. The Counterfeiters 1926.

Girardon, François. 1628-1715. French Baroque sculptor. Tomb of Richelieu 1675-7.

Girondins. 1791-3 Moderate French republicans. Tried to save king’s life. Most executed. Danton.

Giscard d’Éstaing, Valéry. 1926-. French UDF President 1974-81.

Gloire. 1859. French. World’s first armour-plated vessel.

Golden Spurs, Battle. 1302. Courtrai, Belgium. Flemish craftsmen defeat French troops.

Goncourt, Edmond. 1822-96. French novelist. Renée Mauperin. Created Goncourt literature prize.

Gothic Architecture. 12-15C. Began with French cathedrals and spread over N Europe. Pointed arches, rib vaulting, flying buttresses. Stability achieved with balance rather than mass. Airy lightness. St. Denis 1140. Notre Dame Cathedral. Tudor.

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