Sezession. Groups of artists who seceded from academies in Munich 1892, Vienna 1897, Berlin 1999.

Sforza, Francesco I. 1401-66. Founder of Milanese dynasty 1450-1535.

Shawnee. American Indians from Ohio defeated at Tippecanoe. Resettled in Oklahoma.

Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft. 1787-1851. English writer. (Daughter of Mary Wollstonecraft, Godwin). Married Percy Shelley. Frankenstein 1818.

Shelley, Percy Bysshe. 1792-1822. English lyric poet. Advocated freedom of thought. Prometheus Unbound 1820.

Sicilian Vespers. 1282. Aragon-inspired massacre of French in Sicily. Aragon takes control.

Sicily. c1100BC Sicans. Sicels. Mycenaean. 7C BC Phoenicia(W)/ Gr(E). 241BC Rome. 5C Ostrogoth. 6C Byzantine. 827 Saracen. 1072 Norman. 1130 +Naples. 1197 Hohenstaufen. 1266-82 France. 1302 Aragon. 1443 +Naples=Two Sicilies. 1860 Italy.

Siegfried. Dragon slayer of German legend.

Siegfried Line. 1937-40 German fortifications on western frontier = West Wall. Also, part of Hindenburg Line.

Sierra Leone. 1462 Portugal discovers. 16C Slave source. 1786 British freed slave colony. 1788 British Crown Colony. 1961 Independent.

Sieyès, Joseph. 1748-1836. French abbé. What is the Third Estate? called for democracy 1789. Drafted Declaration of the Rights of Man. Helped organize Napoleon’s coup.

Signac, Paul. 1863-1935. French Neo-Impressionist Pointilist painter. Seurat.

Sikh States, Confederation of. 1764 Independent from Mogul. 1819 + Kashmir. 1834 + Peshawar. 1849 British. 1948 India.

Silesian Wars. 1740-5. Prussia takes Silesia from Austria. Austrian Succession.

Silk Route. Trade route from Rome to China. Followed by Marco Polo.

Simon Magus. Tried to buy spiritual powers from Apostles. Simony.

Sinn Fein. 1905. (=Ourselves Alone). Irish Nationalist movement. 1916 uprising. Founded Irish Free State. Legalized as political party in Northern Ireland, 1974. Political wing of IRA. De Valera.

Sino-French War. 1883-85. France wins control of Vietnam.

Sisley, Alfred. 1839-99. English/French Impressionist painter. Meadows in Spring.

Six, les. 1917-74. French composers initiated Neoclassical. Milhaud. Honegger.

Slovenia. Balkans. 6C Slovenes settle. 748 Franks dominate. 9C Franks split...German kingdom. 1335 Hapsburg. 1918 Yugoslavia. 1991 Independent.

Sluis, Battle. 1340. French fleet destroyed by English.

Smith, Adam. 1723-1790. Scottish economist. Doctrine of free exchange. Natural law of supply and demand. Wealth of Nations 1776. -“Labour is source of all wealth”.

Smuts, Jan. 1870-1950. Boer general, Prime Minister of South Africa 1919~48.

Social Credit. 1919. Douglas’ economic theory. Give money to consumers, producers based on social credits, “liberating” production from price system.

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