Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges. 1438-61. France limits power of pope.

Prefect. Roman civil servants delegated Consul’s power.

Presbyterianism. 16C-. System of church organization sharing power between clergy and congregation. Calvin. Knox. Episcopacy. Congregationalism.

Privy Council. English monarch’s principal advisers. Little power since 17C.

Provisors, Statutes of. 1351, 1390. Limited pope’s power in England.

Red Hat Rebellion. 1622. Power struggle of Tibetan Buddhists. Yellow Hats prevail.

Reforma. 1854-76. Mexican civil war. Ouster of Santa Anna. Reduced power of army, church. Tejada Law. Juárez.

Republic. Government vesting power in representatives who govern for the good of the people.

Richelieu, Cardinal. 1585-1642. French politician 1624-. Built power of Louis XIII.

Rights, Bill of. 1689. Established power of British Parliament over taxes, laws, army. Protestant Succession. William and Mary.

Romanesque Art. 11-12C Powerful imagery, grand conception. Fused Byzantine, Teutonic, Roman.

Rowell-Sirois Report. 1935-40. Recommended Federalism over Canadian provincial power.

Safavids. 1501-1736. Moslem dynasty. Led Persia to power. Established Shi’a Islam as state religion.

Samurai. 11C-1868. Japanese warriors. Basis of Shogun power.

Senate. 509BC. Roman governing body. 401BC Plebians admitted. 44BC lost most power to Caesar.

Settlement, Act of. 1701. British established Protestant Hanover succession. Limited monarch’s powers.

Seven Years War. 1756-63. France, Russia, Austria vs England, Prussia who retain Silesia, emerge as major power. French colonial power reduced. England gains New France, India. French-Indian Wars.

Shirikawa. 1053-1129. Japanese Emperor. Abdicated to avoid ceremony. Retained power.

Simon Magus. Tried to buy spiritual powers from Apostles. Simony.

South Africa. 1910 Britain unites possessions: Cape of Good Hope + Natal + Orange Free State + Transvaal = Union of South Africa. Constitution included white supremacy. 1920 +German South-West Africa by mandate. 1948 Apartheid. 1961 = Republic of South Africa; left Commonwealth. 1990 -Namibia 1994 ANC gains power.

Spanish Armada. 1588. English support Dutch Revolt. Philip II sends 129 ships against England. Howard, Drake, Hawkins, with 197 ships, chase the armada from English Channel, thanks to a NW gale. Spain declines as naval power. Wars of Religion.

Spanish Succession, War. 1701-14. Britain, Holy Roman Empire, Netherlands vs Spain, France. Opposed French Philip V succession to Spanish throne creating power imbalance. Queen Anne’s War.

States’ Rights. US political doctrine. Restricts federal power.

Sverre. -1202. Norwegian king 1184-. Limited church power.

Taira. 9C-1185. Powerful Japanese samurai clan..

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