Eck, Johann. 1486-1543. Opposed Luther, Protestantism.

École Polytechnique. 1794-. French college of high repute. Replaced Navarre. Graduates are the “X”.

Ederle, Gertrude. 1906-. US. First woman to swim the English Channel, 1926.

Edgar Aetheling. 1050-1130. Anglo-Saxon prince who submitted to William I.

Edington, Battle. 878. King Alfred, Wessex only Anglo-Saxon kingdom to withstand Danes.

Edward, The Black Prince. 1330-76. Son of Edward III. Victor at Poitiers, 1356. Captured John II of France.

Edward the Confessor, St. c1003-66. Anglo Saxon king 1041-. Founded Westminster Abbey. Conquered Wales. Died without heir, prompting Norman Invasion.

Edward the Elder. 870-924. King of Wessex, 899. Drove Danes from NW England.

Egypt. 3100BC Menes unites. 2780 Old Kingdom. 2600 First pyramid. 2040 Middle Kingdom. 1570 New Kingdom. 663 Assyria. 525 Persia. 332 Alexander...323 Ptolemy. 30BC Rome...395 Byzantine. 642 Moslem. 1250 Mameluk. 1517 Ottoman. 1798 Napoleon. 1805 Ottoman. 1882 British occupy. 1914 British protectorate. 1922 Indepedent monarchy. 1952 Coup. 1953 Republic. 1958-61 UAR.

Eighty Years War. 1568~1648. Netherlands wins indep from Spain.

Einstein, Albert. 1879-1955. German/Swiss/US physicist. Special Theory of Relativity 1905. Quantum theory 1905. General Theory of Relativity 1916. Pacifist, Zionist.

Eleanor of Aquitaine. Divorced from Louis VII 1152 after accompanying him on Second Crusade. Married Henry II of England, bringing Aquitaine under English crown...Angevin Empire. Mother of Richard I. Led 1173 revolt vs husband, Henry II.

Electoral College. US body of electors from each state which selects the president.

Electra. Legendary Greek spirit who killed her mother, Clytemnestra to venge the murder of her father, Agamemnon.

Elgin, James Bruce, 8th Earl of. 1811-63. Governor General. Worked for independent Canadian government.

Elgin, Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of. 1766-1841. British diplomat to Greece. Removed parthenon statues to British Museum 1816.

Eliot, T.S. 1888-1965. US/English modernist poet, playwright. Prufrock 1910. Ash Wednesday 1930. Murder in the Cathedral 1935.

Elizabeth, St. Mother of John the Baptist. Sister of Virgin Mary.

Elizabeth I. 1533-1603. Queen of England, 1558-. Stable, prosperous reign of literature and art. Restored Protestantism. Supported them abroad.

Empire of the East. 286-1453. Eastern Roman Empire ruled from Byzantium. =Byzantine Emp.

Empire of the West. 286-476. Rome and Western part of Roman Empire. Ends 476, Romulus Augustulus deposed.

Empire of the West. 800-. State founded by Charlemagne, continued to 1806 as the Holy Roman Empire. Succeeded Roman Emperor of the West. Split Eastern kingdoms.

Encyclopédists. 1751-72. Group who wrote encyclopaedia under Diderot. Voltaire, Helvetius, D’Alembert. As sceptics, they popularized social ideas which led to the French Revolution.

Enesco, Georges. 1881-1955. Romanian folk theme composer. National style.

Epaminondas. c410-362BC. Thebian general, statesman. Defeated Sparta at Leuctra. Permanently changed balance of power.

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