Layamon. c1200. English poet. First mention of King Arthur, Lear, Merlin.

LeBougre, Robert. First Inquisitor of HRE, appointed by Gregory IX 1231.

Lee Kuan Yew. 1923-. First Singapore Prime Minister 1965-90.

Leeuwenhoek, Antony van. 1632-1723. Dutch. First to describe bacteria 1680, protozoa, corpuscles, spermatazoa 1675.

Leopold I. 1790-1865. First King of Belgians 1831-. Maintained neutrality.

Lexington and Concord, Battle. 1775. First American Revolution battle. British march on Concord supply depot. Established guerilla warfare as colonist strategy. 273 British, 95 Americans killed. Paul Revere.

Lhato Nyan-tsen. First king of Tibet.

Li Yüan. 566-635. First Tang Emperor of China 618-27. Led revolt 617, aided by Turks.

Libraries. 1700BC Chaldean. 540BC Athens. 284BC Alexandria. 167 Rome. 355 Constantinople. 1446 Vatican. 1520 Paris. 1757 British Museum. 1598 Oxford Bodleian. 1653 Manchester, First free public. 1800 US Library of Congress.

Lie, Trygve. 1896-1968. Norwegian. First UN Secretary General, 1946-52.

Lindbergh, Charles. 1902-74. US aviator: first solo non-stop flight across Atlantic, 1927.

Lippershey, Hans. 1570-1619. Dutch. First telescope, 1608.

London Company. 1606. Establishd first permanent English settlement in N America at Jamestown, VA.

London Treaty. 1674 Holland, England end War. 1824 Netherlands, Britain for control of Malaya. 1827 Britain, France, Russia to force mediation on Turkey/Greek freedom fighters. 1831 Belgian War of Independence. 1832 Britain, France, Bavaria made Otto I, King of Greece. 1852 Danish Succession. 1867 Luxembourg independence granted. 1871 Ended neutrality of Black Sea. 1913 Ended first Balkan War. 1915 (Secret) Britain-France-Russia grant concessions to Italy for joining WWI allies. Revealed by Bolsheviks 1918.

Long, Crawford. 1815-78. US physician. First surgical use of ether, 1842.

Lukin, Lionel. 1742-1834. English inventor of first safe life boat 1785.

Lumumba, Patrice. 1925-61. Congo independence leader. First Prime Minister of Zaire 1960-. Deposed, murdered.

Luna 3. 1959. First photographs of moon’s far side.

Lydia. -700BC Maeonia. 546BC Persia. 133 Rome. First coins 7C BC.

MacAlpin. Kenneth I. -858. First King of Scots and Picts.

MacDonald, John A. 1815-91. Key to British North America Act, Conservative. First Prime Minister of Canada 1867~91. Pacific Railway.

MacDonald, Ramsay. 1866-1937. First British Labour Prime Minister 1924~35.

Mackenzie, Alexander. c1764-1820. Scottish/Canadian explorer. First transcontinental journey 1793.

Magellan, Ferdinand. c1480-1521 Portuguese navigator. Died leading first circumnavigation of the world. Discovered Straits of Magellan 1520.

Mantegna, Andrea. 1431-1506. Mantuan. First Renaissance painter. Frescoes.

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