Long Parliament. 1640-60. Civil War parliament. Ended Charles I attempt to govern without one.

Lothair. 835-69. King of Lotharingia, 855. Disputes with Pope over annulment of his marriage.

Louis III. 863-82. French King 879-. Withstood Norse invasion.

Louis XVI. 1754-93. French King 1774-92. Bankrupted Government. French Revolution. Guillotined 1793.

Louis XVIII. 1755-1824. Bourbon. Restored to French throne by Allies 1814-. Advisory Parliament. Ultraloyalists.

Luther, Martin. 1483-1546. German Christian reformer opposed to indulgences. Wittenberg. -’Even if heaven and hell do not exist, education is important’ Justification by faith alone. Melanchthon. 95 Theses 1517. Treatise on Christian Liberty. New Testament translated to vernacular 1522. Catechisms 1529. Canticles 1533. Excommunicated 1520, burns Papal Bull. Choral composer: moral effects of music.

Lvov, Prince Georgi. 1861-1925. Russian leader of Provisional Government, 1917.

Mad Parliament. 1258. Barons give financial aid to Henry III in exchange for reform. Oxford Provisions.

Madagascar. 1500 Portugal discovers. 1642 French. 1814 British. 1885 French protectorate. 1896 French colony. 1958 Self-government as Malagasy. 1960 Independent. 1975 = Democratic Republic of Madagascar. 1993 Republic.

Malacca. (Melaka). 1403 Malay. 1511 Portugal. 1641 Dutch. 1795 British, «Straits Settlements. 1946 Malaya. 1963 Malaysia.

Malignar Agreements. 1936-7. Socialist reforms in France.

Man, Isle of. 5C Celtic. 9C Norse. 800 Tynwald. 1266 Scotland...England. 1828 Crown possession.

Manchester School. 19C British free-trade movement. Cobden.

Mancini, Pasquale. 1817-88. Italian Risorgimento leader, statesman. Triple Alliance 1882.

Manin, Daniele. 1804-57. Risorgimento leader. Venetian Republic president 1848-9.

Mann Act. 1910. US law prohibits transport of women across state lines for immoral purposes.

Manorial System. (Seignorial). 11-15C. Lord grants peasant rights to till land for fixed payment.

Mansart, Francois. 1598-1666. French architect. Val-de-Grâce 1645. Classical elements in Baroque style. Subtle elegance, harmony. Mansard roof.

March First Movement. SAMIL. 1919 Korean demonstration for independence from Japan.

Marcion. 144. Founded heretical sect with 2 Gods: imperfect Old Testament God and Jesus’ merciful God.

Marcuse, Herbert. 1898-1979. German/US radical philosopher. Revolutionary change vs repressive society. One Dimensional Man 1964.

Markiewicz, Countess. 1876-1927. Irish Nationalist. First woman elected to British Parliament, 1918.

Married Women’s Property Act. 1882. UK. Abolished women’s property passing automatically to husband on marriage.

Martov, L. 1873-1923. Russian Menshevik leader.

Masora. 6-10C. Hebrew reconstruction of Old Testament.

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