Layamon. c1200. English poet. First mention of King Arthur, Lear, Merlin.

Lebanese National Pact. 1943-75. Compromise government of Maronite President, Sunni Prime Minister, Shi’ite Speaker.

Legion. Roman army unit of 4-6,000 men.

Legislative. Branch of a government that enacts laws.

Legislative Assembly. 1791-2. 1849-51. French national parliament...National Convention.

Lend-Lease. Agreement between Allies and US during WWII for sharing costs of supplies and foreign exchange obligations.

L’Enfant, Pierre. 1754-1825. French/US architect. Washington town plan 1792, implemented 1901.

Lenoir, Alexandre. 1761-1839. Archeologist. Founder of the Museum of French Monuments.

Leopold and Loeb. 1924. Wealthy, intellectual partners ‘perfect’ murder of Bobby Franks leads to life imprisonment. Darrow plea avoids execution.

Lermontov, Mikhail. 1814-41. Russian Romantic Caucasus poet: Hero of Our Time 1840. Exiled 1837-38,40.

Lessing, Gotthold. 1729-81. German Movement dramatist. Laokoon 1765. Minna von Barnheim 1767. Nathan the Wise 1779.

Levi. Old Testament 3rd son of Jacob.

Lévy-Bruhl, Lucien. 1857-1939. French philosopher. Primitive Mentality 1923.

Lex Talionis. Old Testament Law- An eye for an eye...

Liberal Party. 1832. British Social reform, free trade, Irish Home Rule. 1867 Canada. 1944 Australia.

Liberalism. 19C. Movement for freedom of the individual, democracy. Bentham. Mill. Spencer. 20C. Movement to free individuals from economic restraint by social welfare programs.

Liturgical Movement. 19-20C Christian church modernization of liturgy.

Lloyd George, David. 1863-1945. British Liberal Prime Minister,1916-22. Unemployment insurance. Irish Free State. War cabinet, 1916.

Locke, John. 1632-1704. English philosopher. Empiricism-all knowledge is derived from experience: On Civil Government 1689. Essay Concerning Human Understanding 1690. ‘Sound mind in a sound body’. Evil brings pain, Good brings pleasure. Advocated separation of legislature from executive, as applied in Britain and US. Natural rights (property, pursuit of happiness, religion) influenced US Constitution, led to Enlightenment. Philosophical basis of French and American Revolutions. Epistemological foundations of modern Science.

LogicalPositivism. 1920s. Philosophy. Only experimentally verifiable scientific truth counts. Vienna Circle. Wittgenstein.

Loki. Beautiful Norse god of evil.

Lollards. 1370-1530 English church reform movement. Wycliffe.

Loménie de Brienne, Etienne. 1727-94. French Finance minister 1787-8.

London Company. 1606. Establishd first permanent English settlement in N America at Jamestown, VA.

London Gazette. 1665. Oldest publishing newspaper. Official government organ.

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