German Movement. 18C Nationalist cultural movement. Lessing, Goethe, Schiller.

German-Soviet Pact. 1939-41. Nonaggression agreement. Divided Poland, Baltic between USSR/Germany. Left Hitler free to invade Poland, starting WWII.

Gettysburg. 1863. Lincoln’s address given to dedicate Civil War cemetery. “Four score and seven years ago...Government of the people, by the people, for the people”.

Gladiators. 264BC-5C. Roman armed combatants for entertainment.

Golden Spurs, Battle. 1302. Courtrai, Belgium. Flemish craftsmen defeat French troops.

Good Parliament. 1376. Reforms against Edward III. Nullified 1377.

Gottwald, Klement. 1896-1953. Czech Communist President 1948-. Overthrew Beneš in coup.

Government of India Act. 1858. India Act.

Gräfe, Albrecht. 1828-70. German ophthalmologist. Glaucoma, 1857. Cataract treatment, 1867.

Grand Remonstrance. 1641. Grievances presented to Charles I by Long Parliament.

Granger Movement. 19C. US farmers’ co-ops, political lobbies.

Grattan, Henry. 1746-1820. Irish independence leader. Irish Parliament 1782. Poyning’s Law repeal movement.

Gregory VII (Hildebrand), St. 1020-85. Pope 1073-. Condemned lay investiture 1075. Henry IV appoints Anti-Pope Clement III, attacked Rome, 1081-3.

Grenada. 1498 Columbus discovers. 1651 French colony. 1763 English. 1876 Crown Colony. 1958 Fed of West Indies. 1967 Self-government. 1983 US invades to prevent Marxist insurrection.

Guarantees, Law of. 1871. Failed to define relationship between papacy and Italian government. Lateran Treaty, 1929.

Guild Socialism. 1900-20. British movement for state- owned, worker-controlled industry.

Guilds. 11C-. Associations of merchants and craftsmen creating monopolistic protection.

Guillotin, Joseph. 1738-1814. Recommended guillotine 1792. Earlier used in Scotland, England.

Gunpowder Plot. Nov 5, 1605. Conspiracy of Catholics against James I. Betrayed, the Houses of Parliament were not blown up. Guy Fawkes is burned in effigy each year. Catesby.

Guthrie, Woody. 1912-67. Populist US singer. This Land is Your Land.

Halepa, Pact. 1878. Turks grant self-government to Cretan Greeks.

Haller, Albrecht von. 1708-77. Swiss anatomist. “Father of experimental physiology”.

Hamas. 1987-. Militant terrorist movement for elimination of Israel and establishment of a Palestinian state. Denounced 1993 peace agreement. PLO.

Hampden, John. 1594-1643. English parliamentary leader.

Hansard. 1774-. Official British parliamentary report.

556 more results ...