PalestinianAuthority. 1996-. Government of Jerusalem West Bank and Gaza Strip. Arafat. PLO.

Palestrina. 1525-94. Italian composer. Pioneer of chordal music. A capella choir 1585. Improperia 1560.

Palmyra. 19C BC. Syrian city “founded by Solomon”. 3C AD + Syria, Egypt. 273 Rome destroys.

Pan-African Congress. 1900~45. Promoted interests of blacks worldwide.

Panama. 1501 Bastidas discovers. 1510 Spanish settle. 1821 Gran Colombia. 1930 Colombia. 1903 US aided revolt, Independence. 1903-79 US administered Canal Zone. 1989 US invasion restores elected government.

Panay Incident. 1937. Japanese sink US gunboat in China. US restraint exemplified isolationism.

Pangkor Engagement. 1874. Treaty with Perak established British rule in Malaya.

Panipat, Battles. 1526 Moguls defeat Afghans, establish dynasty. 1556 Moguls defeat Hindus. 1761 Afghans defeat Marathas.

Paris. Son of Priam. Carried Helen back to Troy, starting the Trojan Wars. Shot Achilles. Judged first beauty contest.

Paris, Treaties. 1229 Ends Albigensian Crusade. Louis gains Toulouse. 1327. England loses territory to France. 1763 Ends Seven Years War. Britain gets French holdings in Canada. Spain gets American territory. 1783 Ends American Revolution. US borders fixed. 1814 Ends Napoleonic Wars, restoring 1792 borders. Napoleon exiled to Elba. 1815 Ends Hundred Days. 1790 borders, reparations. Napoleon to St. Helena. 1856 Ends Crimean War. Black Sea neutral. Regulated Laws of High Seas. 1898 Ends Spanish American War. Spain cedes Cuba, Philippines, Puerto Rico to US. 1947. Settled European borders after WWII.

Paris Peace Conference. 1919-20. Versailles Treaty.

Paris Unrest. 1968. May Demonstrations.

Parks, Rosa. 1913-. US ‘mother’ of Civil Rights Movement. Arrested, 1955, for not relinquishing her seat to a white man. King.

Parry, William. 1790-1855. English arctic explorer. Failed to find NW Passage.

Parthenopean Republic. 1799 Created by Napoleon at Naples. 1802 Nelson restores Bourbons 1806.

Paschal II. -1118. Italian pope 1099-. Investiture Controversy.

Päts, Konstantin. 1874-1956. Estonian Prime Minister 1921-3,32-3. Dictator 1933-40.

Pavia, Battle. 476. Odoacer defeats Romans, ending Western Roman Empire.

Paz, Octavio. 1914-98. Mexican poet. La estacíon violenta. Labyrinth of Solitude 1950.

Pearson, Lester. 1897-1972. Canadian Prime Minister 1963-8. UN mediator in Palestine 1948, Suez 1956.

Pentecostalism. Protestant fundamentalist mystic sects. Baptism with Holy Spirit gives supernatural gifts, speaking in tongues.

Perestroika. 1986. Gorbachev’s policy of government and economic reform.

Pestalozzi, Johann. 1746-1827. Swiss educator. Modern primary education system. Paced development from familiar to new. Lienhard and Gertrude 1781-9. How Gertrude Teaches 1801.

Peterloo Massacre. 1819. Peaceful Manchester demonstration for parliamentary reform suppressed by cavalry. 500 casualties. Ultra tories limit freedom of press, assembly.

Peterskirche. 13C. Zurich church with world’s largest clock face, 28.5 feet.

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