Peter III. 1728-62. Czar 1762. Overthrown by wife Catherine the Great.

Peter the Hermit. 1050-1115. French. Led ill-equipped army in First Crusade.

Philip II. 382-336BC. General: unified Macedonia. Alexander’s father.

Physiocrats. 18C. Agricultural based philosophy. Land is source of all wealth. Elimination of controls over economy. Laissez-Faire. Quesnay. Turgot.

Pinkerton, Allan. 1819-84. Scottish/US founder first US detective agency 1850. Foiled plot vs Lincoln 1861.

Positivism. Knowledge based on senses alone. Personal knowledge. Natural laws lead to social engineering to secure a happy society. Comte. Mill. Spencer. Logical Positivism.

Priapus. Priapic Greek fertility god.

Prim y Prats, Juan. 1814-70. Spanish. Helped overthrow Isabella 1868.

Prime Minister. =Premier. Head of parliamentary government under the head of state (monarch or president). Walpole (1721-42) considered first British Prime Minister. Richelieu 1624 France. Chancellor.

Prince Rupert’s Land. Hudson Bay drainage area, NW Territory.

Propertius, Sixtus. c47BC-15 AD. Roman poet of elegies.

Proudhon, Pierre. 1809-65. French Anarchist Socialist: “Property is theft.”-What is Property? 1840. “Government is the Scourge of God”. Systèmes des Contradictions Économiques 1846.

Ptolemy I Suter. c366-283BC. Ruled Egypt 323-; king 305-. General of Alexander the Great.

Puerto Rico. Taino. 1493 Columbus discovers. 1508 Spanish colony. 1898 US (Spanish American War). 1998 rejects statehood.

Raikes, Robert. 1736-1811. English Sunday School pioneer.

Rauschenberg, Robert. 1925-. US Pop artist. Collage. Trapeze 1964.

Read, Herbert. 1893-1968. English critic, poet: Art and Society 1936.

Relativity. Einstein’s theories that space and time are not absolute. Special 1905. General 1916.

Remak, Robert. 1815-65. Cell division 1852.

Rhea. Greek fertility goddess. Mother of most gods.

Richter, Hans. 1843-1916. Hungarian conductor. Brahms, Wagner expert.

Ridolfi, Roberto. 1531-1612. Italian Catholic plotter vs Elizabeth I 1571. Norfolk.

Rights of Man, Declaration. 1789. Preamble to 1791 French constitution. Guaranteed representation, equality before law, property, freedom of religion, press, speech.

Robert, Charles. Paris balloonist 1783.

Robert I. Duke of Normandy 1027-35. Father of William I.

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