Guelfs and Ghibellines. 1154-15C. Rival factions responsible for feuds in Germany and Italy. Welfs.

Guernica. Spanish Basque capital bombed by Germans for Franco, 1937. Euzkadi. Picasso. Spanish Civil War.

Gutenberg, Johannes. 1400-68. German printer, inventor of movable type.

Gypsies. 16C-. Nomadic peoples with Romany language. Probable Indian origin.

Hadrian. 76-138. Roman Emperor 117-. Built wall across England 122-36, Aelius Bridge 134. Rebuilt Greek cities.

Hahn, Otto. 1879-1968. German discoverer of Uranium fission 1938.

Hahnemann, Samuel. 1755-1843. German founder of homeopathy 1810.

Haig, Douglas. 1861-1928. British Commander-in-Chief France 1915-19. War of Attrition.

Halepa, Pact. 1878. Turks grant self-government to Cretan Greeks.

Halifax, First Earl of. 1661-1715. English Whig statesman. Started National Debt. Established Bank of England. 1694.

Halifax, First Earl of. 1881-1959. English statesman. Viceroy of India 1925-31, Foreign Secretary 1938-40.

Halifax Explosion. 1917. French arms boat explodes in harbour. 2000 casualties. Biggest man-made explosion until Hiroshima.

Hall, Charles. 1863-1914. US. Aluminum manufacturing process 1886.

Hambach Festival. 1832. Young Germany demonstration.

Hamilton, Alexander. 1755-1804. US Federalist statesman. First Secretary of Treasury. Killed in duel by Burr.

Hamman, Johann. 1730-88. German Pietism founder.

Handel, George Frideric. 1685-1759. German/ English composer of oratorio, Italian opera. Peak of polyphonic music. Water Music 1717. Messiah 1741. Music for Royal Fireworks 1749.

Hanover. Dynasty of Germany 1692-1866, Britain 1714-1901.

Hanseatic League. 1241-1669. Confederation of N German towns. Dominated N European trade 13-15C.

Harpies. 3 half-woman half-bird creatures.

Harriman, W. Averell. 1891-1986. US negotiator of Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963.

Hastings, Battle. 1066. William defeats Harold II, conquers England for Normandy.

Hauptman, Bruno. 1899-1936. Kidnaped and killed Lindbergh baby 1932. Executed.

Haushofer, Karl. 1869-1946. German adviser to Hitler.

Haussman. Baron. 1809-91. Parisian town plan, 1852. Opera House. Bois de Boulogne.

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