Biron, Charles. 1562-1602. French marshal, beheaded for treason.

Bismarck, Otto von. 1815-98. Prince. Prussian Prime Minister 1862-90. Founded German Empire; First Chancellor 1871-90. Provoked Franco-Prussian War. Ems Dispatch. Schleswig.

Bjørnsson, Sveinn. 1881-1952. First President of Iceland Republic, 1944-.

Black Code. 1685. Louis XIV edict on treatment of slaves in French colonies.

Black Codes. 1865-6. Strict US local laws to control blacks based on slave codes. Freedmen. Jim Crow.

Black Death. Bubonic Plague.

Black Hand. 1911-17. (Unity or Death) Serbian secret society assassinated Francis-Ferdinand 1914.

Black Hawk War. 1832. US decimates Sauk/Fox tribes. Illinois, Iowa Indians flee west.

Black Hundreds. 1905-9. Russian movement. Opposed revolution. Persecuted Jews-50,000 dead.

Black War. 1804-30. Tasmanian natives defeated by European settlers.

Blackbeard (Edward Teach). -1718. English pirate in West Indies.

Blanchard, Jean. 1753-1809. French balloonist. First aerial Channel crossing 1785. Velocipede 1779.

Blanche of Castile. 1188-1252. Mother, regent for St. Louis. Hôtel de Nesle. Helped unify France.

Blanqui, Louis. 1805-81. French militant socialist. Coined: “Dictatorship of the Proletariat”, “Industrial Revolution”, 1837. Unsuccessful uprising 1839. Commune leader. Secret societies.

Blaue Reiter (Blue Rider). 1911-14. Organization of Abstract Expressionist artists. Kandinsky. Klee.

Blavatsky, Helena. 1831-91. Founded Theosophical Society, 1875.

Blenheim, Battle. 1704. Bavaria. Marlborough’s victory in War of Spanish Succession. First French defeat in 50 years, saves Vienna.

Blitzkrieg. 1938-45. German battle tactic. Rapid, deep assault with tanks supported from air.

Blockade. Naval strategy preventing access to an enemy’s coast.

Blood Purge. 1934. Hitler’s murder of 74 Nazi radicals.

Bloody Assizes. 1685. Trial of Monmouth’s rebels. 320 hung. 800 deported.

Bloody Sunday. 1887. Police kill 2 Socialists in Trafalgar Square Riot. 1905. Slaughter of petitioners to Winter Palace of Nicholas II leads to Russian Revolution. 1972. 13 killed in Londonderry riot.

Bloody Week. 1871. Paris Commune toppled. 20,000 dead.

Bluebeard. 6C- legend of murderous husband.

Boccaccio, Giovanni. 1313-75. Italian “father” of vernacular novel. Decameron 1348-53.

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