Windsor Castle. British royal residence since 9C.

Winstanley, Gerrard. c1609-60. Founder of Diggers 1649. True Leveller’s Standard Advanced 1649.

Winter War. 1939-40. USSR invades Finland.

Witt, Johan de. 1625-72. Dutch statesman. Rebuilt navy. Led Dutch Wars. Triple Alliance 1668. Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Killed by Orangist mob.

Wittstock, Battle. 1636. Sweden defeats Holy Roman Empire in Thirty Years War.

Wodehouse, P.G. 1881-1975. English humorist. Jeeves 1917.

Woden. Odin.

Wood, Leonard. 1860-1927. US military surgeon. Co-founder of Rough Riders.

Woodhull, Victoria. 1838-1927. US reformer. First female presidential candidate 1872. Suffrage, free love advocate.

Woodstock. 1969. US Rock festival attended by 300,000.

Woolley, Leonard. 1880-1960. English archeologist. Excavated Ur. Found evidence of Great Flood.

Worcester, Battle. 1651. Cromwell defeats Royalists. Last revolt after English Civil War.

World Exhibition at Paris. 1855, 67, 89.

World War I. 1914-18. Allies-France, British Empire, Russia, Italy, US(1917-) vs Central Powers-Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire. Caused by Nationalist movements, Balkan instability, trade rivalry, alliances. 30M casualties. First tanks, chemical, planes, submarines. Ended Russian, Ottoman, Austria-Hungarian Empires.

World War II. 1939-45. Allies-Britain, France, US(1941-), Russia(1941-) vs Axis-Italy, Germany, Japan, Russia(-1941). Caused by German Totalitarian expansionism resulting from WWI reparations and fear of Communism. 55M dead. 35M wounded. 30M refugees. Cost $US 1500B. Led to United Nations, Soviet power, State of Israel, atomic weapons.

WorldTradeCenter, 1972-2001. New York. Attacked 1993, destroyed September 11, 2001 by al-Qaeda terrorists. Osama bin Laden.

Worms, Diet of. 1521. Called by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. Lutheranism outlawed. Luther declared heretic, exiled. Reformation.

Worms, Synod. 1076. Called by Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV to depose Pope Gregory VII. 1122 Concordat of Worms.

Wounded Knee. 1890. 200 Sioux Indians massacred by US troops.

WPA. Works Progress Administration. 1935-43. Employed 8.5M on public works in US during Depression.

WTO. World Trade Organization. 1995. Successor to GATT. Focus of anti-globalization protests. WFTU.

Wyat’s Insurrection. 1554. Failed march on London vs Mary’s marriage to Philip II of Spain. Wyat (son of Thomas Wyat) beheaded.

Wycherley, William. 1640-1716. English satirical Restoration dramatist: Country Wife 1675. Plain Dealer 1676.

Wyclif(fe), John. c1330-84. English religious reformer. Lollard leader. Advocated religion from within rather than mechanical practice. Began First English translation of bible.

Xanthos, Sieges. Lycians defend against: 546BC Persians. 43BC Romans. Residents commit mass suicide both times. Asia Minor.

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