Beaumarchais, C de. 1732-99. French satirical writer vs nobility. Barber of Seville 1772, Marriage of Figaro 1784.

Beauregard, Pierre. 1818-93. Confederate general. Ordered attack on Ft. Sumter.

Beauvais, Vincent de. Vincent of Beauvais.

Beauvoir, Simone de. 1908-86. French Existentialist writer. The Second Sex 1949.

Beaverbrook, Lord. (Maxwell Aitken). 1879-1964. Canadian/British newspaper magnate, politician. Advocated free trade within Commonwealth.

Bebel, August. 1840-1913. Founder of German Social Democrat Party.

Becket, St. Thomas à. 1118-70. Archbishop of Canterbury 1162-, murdered in Cathedral by Henry II’s knights.

Bede, St. (The Venerable). 673-735. English historian: De Temporum Ratione 725.Ecclesiastical History 731.

Beebe, Charles. 1877-1962. US biologist/undersea explorer. Record descent 923m 1934.

Beelzebub. New Testament prince of Demons. Satan.

Beethoven, Ludwig van. 1770-1827. German composer expressing emotions in music. Tone poet. Developed form and structure. “The Shakespeare of music”. 9 Symphonies. Eroica 1804. 5th 1807. 9th 1824.

Beghards. 13C. Catholic men’s charitable communities. Condemned 1311.

Béguines. 12C- Belgian Catholic women’s charitables communities. Condemned 1311. Still exist.

Behistun Inscription. 520BC. Trilingual carving used by Grotefend to decipher cuneiform.

Behrens, Peter. 1868-1940. German modern architect. AEG Factory 1909.

Behring, Emil. 1854-1917. German bacteriologist: founded Immunology. Diphtheria (1892), Tetanus (1904) serums.

Beirut. 20C BC Phoenicia. 15BC Rome. 635 Moslem. 1110 Crusaders. 1187 Saladin. 1516 Ottoman. 1291 Mameluk. 1920 Capital of Lebanon. 1975-90 Lebanese Civil War.

Bekhtrev, Vladmir. 1857-1927. Extended Pavlov’s Conditioned Response theory. Objective Psychology, 1910.

Belgium. 150BC Celts. 51BC Rome. 3C Franks. 9C Lower Lorraine. 15C Burgundy. 1477 Hapsburg. 1555 Spain. 1714 Austria. 1795 French. 1814 Austria. 1815 +Holland=United Netherlands. 1831 Independent kingdom. Neutrality guaranteed by Quintuple Treaty 1839. WWII Germans occupy. 1948 Benelux.

Belgrade, Treaty. 1739. Ottoman Empire ends wars with Austria and Russia. Limits Russian ships on Black Sea.

Belize. 4-9C Maya. 17C Buccaneers. 17C English settle. 17,18C Slaves brought. 1862 Colony =British Honduras. 1964 Self-government. 1973 =Belize. 1981 Independent.

Bell, Alexander Graham. 1847-1922. Scottish/ US inventor of the telephone 1876. Gray. Reis.

Bellarmine, St. Robert. 1542-1621. Italian Jesuit defender of RC church vs Protestantism, Copernican theory, heretics. Galileo.

Bellay, Joachim du. 1522-60. French poet. Defence of French Language 1549 was Pléiade manifesto.

Belleau, Remy. 1528-77. French Pleiade Poet. Highly polished miniatures.

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