Synge, John. 1871-1909. Irish poet, dramatist. Riders to the Sea 1904. Playboy of the Western World 1907.

Syracuse, Battle. 480BC Carthage repelled. 415-413BC Critical Athenian defeat in Peloponnesian War. 396, 392 Carthage defeated. 382-75 Defeated by Carthage. 214-211 BC Rome conquers, sacks city.

Syria. c10000BC Natufians. c2300BC Akkadian. c1900 Amorite. 16C Egypt. 14C Hittite. 8C Assyria. 7C Babylon. 538 Achaemenid. 332 Alexander...301 Seleucid. 64BC Rome...395 Byzantine. 634 Moslem. 877 Egypt. 11C Seljuk 1098 Latin Empire(part). 12C Ayyubid. 1249 Mameluk. 1516 Ottoman. 1920 French League of Nations mandate. 1943 Independent. 1958 +Egypt = United Arab Republic. 1961 -Egypt=Syria. Damascus.

Taborites. -1452. Militant Bohemian Hussites. Defeated by Catholic-Utraquist alliance.

Taft, William. 1857-1930. US president 1909-13. Dollar diplomacy. Chief Justice 1921-.

Taiping Rebellion. 1850-64. Hung Hsiu-ch’üan and Taiping socialist rebels capture Nanking 1853. Defeated by Gordon. Weakened Manchu dynasty.

Taisho. 1879-1926. Japanese Emperor 1912-. Modernization, liberalism, imperialism.

Taiwan. Indonesians. 1590 Portugal discovers = Formosa. 17C Dutch/Spanish settle. 1662 Chinese settle, expel Europeans. 1895 Japan. 1945 China. 1949 Independent as Republic of China. 1971 United Nations gives Taiwan’s seat to People’s Republic of China.

Tajikistan. 3C BC Persian Empire. 711 Moslem. 1860 Russia. 1924 USSR. 1991 Independent.

Talât Pasha. 1874-1921. Young Turk leader. Ruled with Triumvirate 1913-18.

Taliban. 1994. Militia created to unite Afghanistan under Sharia, strict Islamic law. Wahabi.

Talleyrand, Maurice de. 1754-1838. French politician under Directory and Empire. Congress of Vienna.

Tallin. 1219 Danish fortress in Estonia. 1285 Hanseatic League. 1346 Teutonic Knights. 1561 Sweden. 1710 Russia. 1918 Estonia.

Talmud. 5C Palestinian, 6C Babylonian. Compilations of rabbis’ opinions and decisions. Mishna. Gemara.

Tamerlane. 1336-1405. Barbaric Mongol Moslem conquerer. First of Timurid line. Routed Golden Horde. Conquered Ottomans 1402. Mehmed I.

Tammany Society. 1789-. Powerful NY Democratic party association.

Tamworth Manifesto. 1834. Peel’s moderate reforms as British Conservative Party platform.

T’ang. 618-907. Chinese dynasty. Golden Age. Overthrown by provincial warlords.

Tanganyika. Bantu. 18C Masai. 18-19C Slave source. 1871 Stanley, Livingstone. German East Africa. 1919 British mandate = Tanganyika. 1946 United Nations Trust. 1961 Independent. 1962 Republic. 1964 +Zanzibar=Tanzania. Nyerere.

Taoism. 6C BC Chinese philosophy. Lao-tzu wrote Tao-te-Ching. Natural course is through passivity, elimination of desire.

Tappan, Arthur. 1786-1865. US abolitionist. Founded Anti-Slavery Society 1833.

Targowica, Confederation. 1792. Conservative Poles begin war. Second partition 1793.

Tarpeian Rock. Rome. Tarpeia, who betrayed Rome to Sabines is buried beneath. Traitors thrown to death from it.

Tartu, Treaty. 1920. Estonia independent of Russia.

Tascher de la Pagerie. Joséphine.

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