Samoa. Melanesians. 1722 Dutch explore. 1830 British settle. 1856 German trade. 1899 Germany(W)/ USA(E) becomes Western Samoa, American Samoa.

Samson. Old Testament Israelite judge, prophet. Lost sight and strength when Delilah cut off his hair.

Samudra Gupta. -c380. Hindu Indian Emperor. c330-. Expanded empire. Poet, musician, soldier.

San Francisco. 1769 Portola discovers bay. 1776 Mission founded. 1835 Yuerba Buena cove settled. 1846 US. 1847 = San Francisco. 1906 Earthquake, fire kill 315.

San Francisco, Peace. 1951. Japanese 1854 borders restored.

San Ildefonso, Treaty. 1796. France, Spain allied vs England. 1801 Secret exchange: Louisiana to France, Etruria to Spain.

San Jacinto, Battle. 1836. Mexican defeat means Texas indepence. Mexican War.

San Juan Hill, Battle. 1898. Part of Battle of Santiago. US defeat Spain in Cuba. Roosevelt. Rough Riders.

San Marino. 301 St Marinus the Dalmation settles. 1463 expanded. 1600 Constitution. Oldest, smallest independent republic.

San Martin, José de. 1778-1850. South American independence leader with Bolivar vs Spain in Argentina, Chile, Peru.

San Stefano, Treaty. 1878. Ended Russo-Turkish War. Independence for Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, Bulgaria. Congress of Berlin.

Sancho III. c992-1035. King of Navarre 1000-. Unified Spain. Re-divided it in his will.

Sandinistas. 1962-. Nicaraguan Communist guerilla group vs Somoza. Governed 1980-89, despite US Funded Contra rebellion.

Sandys, Edwin. 1561-1629. English parliamentarian. His ideas helped overthrow Charles I.

Sanhedrin. -70. Jerusalem council of Jewish elders.

Sansculottes. 1793-4. Radical French Revolutionaries. Demanded action of Convention vs counterrevolution. Terror.

Santa Anna, Antonio de. 1794-1876. Mexican general, president 1833~47. Defeated at San Jacinto, Mexican War.

Santander, Francisco. 1792-1840. Ally of Bolivar. President of New Granada 1833-7.

Santo Domingo. Dominican Republic. 1496- Oldest continuous European settlement in western Hemisphere.

Sao Tomé and Principe. 1470 Portugal discovers. 15C Convicts, exiled Jews settle. Important in slave trade. 1951 Portugal Overseas Province. 1975 Independent.

Sarapis. Greco-Egyptian god. Originally of underworld, later of sun.

Sarawak. 15C Brunei. 1841 Independent (Brooke). 1941 Japanese occupy. 1946 British Crown Colony. 1963 Malaysia.

Sardanapalus. Licentious, effeminate king of Assyria. Burned palace on defeat- killing self and court.

Sargon II. King of Assyria c722-705BC. Destroyed kingdom of Israel. Conquered Samaria, Babylon.

Sargon of Akkad. Mesopotamian king c2334-2279BC. Conquered Sumer, founded First Semitic dynasty.

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