Ranjit Singh. 1780-1839. Maharaja of Punjab. Founded Sikh kingdom in N India.

Ranke, Leopold von. 1795-1886. German scientific histographer.-“Historical events must be described in their own terms”.

Rankin, Jeanette. 1880-1973. First US Congresswoman. 1917-9, 1941-3. Only vote against declaring war on Japan. WWII.

Rapallo Treaty. 1920. Italy,Yugoslavia establish free city of Rijeka, settle borders. 1922 Normalized relations of Germany, USSR. Cancelled war indemnities.

Rasputin, Grigori. 1872-1916. Russian adventurer, mystic. Influential in court of Nicholas II, 1906-. Murdered.

Rationalism. All truth can be arrived at through thought alone. vs Empiricism. Descartes. Spinoza.

Rayburn, Sam. 1882-1961. US Democratic Speaker of House. 48 yrs. in House of Representatives.

Raymond IV. c1041-1105. Count of Toulouse. Led First Crusade.

Raymond VI. 1156-1222. Fought Albigenses in Crusade.

Reagan, Ronald. 1911-2004. US actor, Republican President 1981-9. Tax reform. Strong economy. Aid to Nicaragua Contras. Irangate scandal. Fall of Soviet Empire.

Realism. General concepts have an existence independent of material things or names. Plato. St Anselm.

Red Brigade. 1970-84. Italian left-wing terrorist group. Moro.

Red Guards. 1966-69. Paramilitary student units during Chinese Cultural Revolution.

Red River Rebellion. 1869-70. Métis fail in self-determination bid. Riel.

Reforma. 1854-76. Mexican civil war. Ouster of Santa Anna. Reduced power of army, church. Tejada Law. Juárez.

Régence. c1700-30. Decorative arts style: Transition from heavy, linear to Rococo. Watteau.

Regency. 1800-30. Georgian Classicist architecture with tinge of exotic from the Empire. Stucco facing on brick. Nash. Soane. Hope. Sheraton. Decorative Arts: Neoclassical, Egyptian motifs.

Regicides. 1649. Those who condemned Charles I. 10 executed 1660.

Reginald of Châtillon. -1187. Crusade leader. Broken truce led to new war. Kingdom of Jerusalem lost.

Regiomontanus. 1436-76. German astronomer. First modern exposition of trigonometry. Decimals 1467.

Reich, Second. 1871-1918. German Empire under Kaisers William I, II.

Reich, Third. 1933-45. Germany under Hitler.

Reims Cathedral. 1211. Germans sign surrender 1945.

Reis, Philip. 1834-74. Invented and demonstrated telephone 1861. Coined telephony. Bell.

Relativism. Truth depends on the state of the observer relative to the observed.

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