Actium, Battle. 31BC. Octavian defeats Antony to become sole ruler of Roman Empire.

Adams, John. 1735-1826. Revolutionary, 2nd US president 1797-1801.

Adams, John Q. 1767-1848. US President 1825-9. Abolitionist.

Adams, William. 1564-1620. English navigator established Japan trade c1613.

Addams, Jane. 1860-1935. US social reformer. Founded NAACP, Hull House.

Adelard of Bath. 1090-c1150. English mathematician/translator introduced Arabic numerals.

Adelung, Johann. 1732-1806. German scholar; helped standardize language.

Aden. Yemen (South).

Adenauer, Konrad. 1876-1967. First chancellor of German Federal Republic., 1949-63. Stabilized postwar Germany.

Ader, Clement. 1841-1926. French aviation engineer. 1890 first plane.

Aditi. Hindu goddess, mother of Krsna and Vishnu.

Adlerian Psychology. Man is driven to attain power to compensate for “inferiority feeling”. Can lead to “Overcompensation”, e.g. short dictators. Neuroses are illnesses as an excuse for underachievement.

Admiral Graf Spee. -1939. German battleship def by British, scuttled at Montevideo.

Admonition to Parliament. 1572. Puritans demand episcopacy abolition.

Adrian VI. 1459-1523. Only Dutch pope 1522-. Taught Erasmus.

Adrianople, Battle. 378. Visigoths defeat Rome, kill Valens.

Adrianople, Treaty. 1829. Ends Russo-Turkish War. Ottomans cede control of Greece.

Aeëtes. Greek. Medea’s father. Guardian of Golden Fleece.

Aegeus. King of Athens. Theseus’ father. Suicide.

Aegospotami. 405BC. Naval battle, ends Peloponnesian War. Victory of Lysander vs Athens.

Aeschylus. 524-456BC. Founded Greek tragic drama. Introduced 2nd actor, reduced chorus. Prometheus Bound. Seven Against Thebes, 467.

Aetius, Flavius. -454. Roman general, defeated Attila at Catalonia, 451.

Aetolian League. 4-2C BC. Confederation of Greek city states, led by Thebes.

Afghanistan. c200BC Aryan. 6C BC Achaemenid. 330 Alexander...Seleucid/ Maurya. 2C BC Persia/ India/ Parthia/ Kushan. 7C Arab (NW). 750 Persia (W)/ Hindu (E). 1219 Mongol...Timurid. 1525 Mogul. 1737 Persia. 1747 Monarchy. 19 C Britain/Russia dispute 1880 British suzerainty. 1919 Independent. 1973 Marxist coup, Republic. 1978 Communist coup. 1979 Russian occupation. 1989 Mujahideen expel Russians aided by CIA. 1990s Warlords. 2001 US attack Taliban.

AFL-CIO. American Federation of Labor-Congress of Industrial Organizations. AFL 1886. CIO 1935. Merged, 1955. US labour union federation.

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